Temperature Effects in Cyanolysis Using Elemental Sulfur

Temperature Effects in Cyanolysis Using Elemental Sulfur

As part of our studies directed at new treatments for cyanide poisoning we examined the effect of temperature on both the non‐catalyzed and the albumin‐catalyzed reactions of cyanide with a colloidal suspension of elemental sulfur (CSES). Using saturated sulfur solutions prepared in two solvents, py...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied toxicology Vol. 16; no. 2; pp. 171 - 175
Main Authors: Lieske, Claire N., Clark, Connie R., Zoeffel, Lamar D., Tersch, Robert L. von, Lowe, John R., Smith, C. Dahlem, Broomfield, Clarence A., Baskin, Steven I., Maxwell, Donald M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Chichester John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 01-03-1996
Wiley
Subjects:
albumin
Biological and medical sciences
Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases
Colloids
cyanolysis
Half-Life
kinetics
Medical sciences
Metals and various inorganic compounds
Serum Albumin, Bovine - chemistry
Sodium Cyanide - chemistry
sulfur
Sulfur - chemistry
Temperature
Toxicology
Toxicokinetics
Chemotherapy
Treatment
Toxicity
Detoxication
Cyanides
Poisoning
Kinetics
Antidote
Sulfur
In vitro
Room temperature
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Summary:As part of our studies directed at new treatments for cyanide poisoning we examined the effect of temperature on both the non‐catalyzed and the albumin‐catalyzed reactions of cyanide with a colloidal suspension of elemental sulfur (CSES). Using saturated sulfur solutions prepared in two solvents, pyridine (PY) and methyl cellosolve (MC), the reactions were studied at 15.0, 25.0, 30.0 and 37.5°C. For all the cyanolysis reactions (non‐catalyzed and albumin‐catalyzed) there is an enhancement of reaction rate when the organic solvent for the sulfur is MC. Irrespective of the solvent for the CSES, the non‐catalyzed reactions gave linear Arrhenius plots (PY, correlation coefficient = 0.998; MC, correlation coefficient = 0.997). In each case the entropy of activation was positive (14.1 cal K−1 mol−1 for PY and 56.4 cal K−1 mol−1 for MC). In contrast with these results the albumin‐catalyzed reactions generated non‐linear Arrhenius plots and negative entropies of activation. Non‐linear plots were observed with the three albumins studied: human serum albumin, heat‐shock bovine serum albumin and fatty acid‐free bovine serum albumin. The non‐linear plots are the result of a more complex reaction sequence than a simple cyanolysis reaction.
Bibliography:ark:/67375/WNG-XQTDGLZW-L
istex:3CFF2A38C10284AEF0F68586D6A958CD5E9A9C6A
ArticleID:JAT327
ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-1
content type line 23
ISSN:0260-437X
1099-1263
DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(199603)16:2<171::AID-JAT327>3.0.CO;2-R