Relationship between 24-h activity behavior and body fat percentage in preschool children: based on compositional data and isotemporal substitution analysis

This study aims to elucidate the dose‒response relationship between 24-h activity behaviors and body fat percentage (BFP) in Chinese preschool children using a compositional isotemporal substitution model (ISM). In a cross-sectional design, 881 children aged 3-6 from urban and rural areas of Jiangxi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	BMC public health Vol. 24; no. 1; p. 1063
Main Authors:	Fu, Jinmei, Sun, Shunli, Zhu, Shenggen, Wang, Runze, Chen, Delong, Chen, Ruiming, Xue, Ran, Lv, Wendi, Zhang, Yunfan, Huang, Ting, Hu, Xuewen, Jiang, Tianle, Wen, Lei, Su, Liqiang, He, Zihao, Zhao, Guanggao, Zou, Weilu
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England BioMed Central Ltd 16-04-2024 BioMed Central BMC
Subjects:	24 h activity Accelerometers Accelerometry Adipose Tissue Age groups Algorithms Analysis Bioelectricity Body fat Body fat percentage Body weight Care and treatment Child, Preschool Children Children & youth Complications and side effects Component analysis Cross-Sectional Studies Data analysis Exercise Exercise - physiology Female Gender Girls Health aspects Humans Isochronous substitution Kindergarten Male Obesity Obesity in children Overweight Physical activity Physical fitness Physiological aspects Preschool children Questionnaires Regression analysis Rural areas Sedentary behavior Social aspects Software Substitutes Trends China Body fat percentage 24 h activity Component analysis Preschool children Isochronous substitution
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Summary:	This study aims to elucidate the dose‒response relationship between 24-h activity behaviors and body fat percentage (BFP) in Chinese preschool children using a compositional isotemporal substitution model (ISM). In a cross-sectional design, 881 children aged 3-6 from urban and rural areas of Jiangxi Province were sampled. Activity behaviors, including sedentary behavior (SB), low-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate- to high-intensity physical activity (MVPA), were measured using accelerometers. Sleep patterns were assessed through questionnaires, and BFP was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The study employed compositional data analysis (CoDA) and ISM to estimate the impact of reallocating durations of different activity behaviors on BFP. Higher BFP was found in urban vs. rural children, decreasing with age. Overweight and obesity rates were 10.6% and 7.6%, respectively, above national averages. MVPA and LPA were negatively correlated with BFP, while SB was positively correlated. A 30-min MVPA reduction significantly increased zBFR, particularly in overweight children. Gender-specific nuances revealed that boys' MVPA negatively influenced zBFP (β = -0.155), P < 0.05), while girls' SB positively impacted zBFP (β = 0.636, P < 0.01). Isotemporal simulations emphasized amplified effects in overweight children, with boys' zBFR rising rapidly when MVPA was substituted and girls displaying a notable substitution effect between SB and LPA. BFP is closely linked to 24-h activity behaviors, notably in overweight and obese preschoolers. ISM identified MVPA as a critical influencer, with a 30-min reduction substantially increasing BFP. Gender disparities were evident, implicating MVPA in boys and LPA and SB in girls.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1471-2458 1471-2458
DOI:	10.1186/s12889-024-18570-2