Prevalence and Macrolide Resistance Phenotypes and Genotypes among Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae Collected in Sofia, Bulgaria from 2001 to 2005

Prevalence and Macrolide Resistance Phenotypes and Genotypes among Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae Collected in Sofia, Bulgaria from 2001 to 2005

A total of 328 clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae were analyzed to determine the rate of macrolide and penicillin resistance as well as macrolide resistance phenotypes and genotypes. Erythromycin resistance was found in 81 pneumococcal isolates (24.7%) and 10.7% of isolates were clindamyc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of chemotherapy (Florence) Vol. 19; no. 3; pp. 256 - 262
Main Authors: Setchanova, L.P., Ouzounova-Raykova, V., Zhelezova, G.Z., Mitov, I.G.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Firenze Taylor & Francis 01-06-2007
EIFT
Subjects:
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Bacterial diseases
Biological and medical sciences
Bulgaria
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - genetics
erm(B)
Genes, Bacterial
Genotype
Human bacterial diseases
Infectious diseases
Macrolide resistance
Macrolides - pharmacology
Medical sciences
mef(A)
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Phenotype
resistance
Serotyping
Staphylococcal infections, streptococcal infections, pneumococcal infections
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus pneumoniae - drug effects
Streptococcus pneumoniae - genetics
Streptococcus pneumoniae - isolation & purification
Bulgaria
Europe
Human
Prevalence
Typing
L4
Genotype
Macrolide resistance
Epidemiology
Macrolide
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Infection
Resistance
Streptococcaceae
Phenotype
Streptococcal infection
Bacteriosis
Bacteria
Micrococcales
Protein synthesis inhibitor
Antibacterial agent
Bulgaria
mef(A)
Clinical isolate
Pneumococcal infection
erm(B)
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Summary:A total of 328 clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae were analyzed to determine the rate of macrolide and penicillin resistance as well as macrolide resistance phenotypes and genotypes. Erythromycin resistance was found in 81 pneumococcal isolates (24.7%) and 10.7% of isolates were clindamycin resistant. The prevalence of penicillin G-intermediate (minimum inhibitory concentrations, MICs, 0.125 to 1 μg/ml) and penicillin-resistant (MICs, ≥2 μg/ml) S. pneumoniae isolates was 25.6% and 13.7%, respectively. The rate of ceftriaxone-intermediate and ceftriaxone-resistant strains was 2.7% and 1.2%, respectively. Among erythromycin-resistant S. pneumoniae isolates, strains harboring mef(A) genes (n=42; 51.8%) were found to be predominant over strains with erm (B) genes (n=34; 42.0%). One (1.2%) isolate carried both erm(B) and mef(A), while 4 (4.9%) isolates carried L4 protein mutations. By using the erythromycin, clindamycin and rokitamycin triple-disk test, 42 strains were assigned to the M phenotype of macrolide resistance, 31 isolates were assigned to the partially inducible (iMcLS) phenotype, 4 were assigned to the constitutive (cMLS) phenotype. Four strains with L4 gene showed a rare phenotype with the triple-disk test. Serotyping of S. pneumoniae isolates suggested that serotype (or serogroup) 14, 6 and 19 were predominant (81.5%) among erythromycin-resistant strains. Among mef(A) positive isolates serotype 14 was predominant, among erm(B) positive isolates serogroups 6 and 19 were the most prevalent.
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ISSN:1120-009X
1973-9478
DOI:10.1179/joc.2007.19.3.256