Role of the immune system in cardiac tissue damage and repair following myocardial infarction

Introduction The immune system plays a crucial role in the initiation, development, and resolution of inflammation following myocardial infarction (MI). The lack of oxygen and nutrients causes the death of cardiomyocytes and leads to the exposure of danger-associated molecular patterns that are reco...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Inflammation research Vol. 66; no. 9; pp. 739 - 751
Main Authors:	Saparov, Arman, Ogay, Vyacheslav, Nurgozhin, Talgat, Chen, William C. W., Mansurov, Nurlan, Issabekova, Assel, Zhakupova, Jamilya
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Cham Springer International Publishing 01-09-2017 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Adaptive Immunity Adaptive systems Allergology Animals Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Cardiomyocytes Damage Death Dermatology Detritus Hazards Heart Heart attacks Heart diseases Humans Immune system Immunity, Innate Immunology Inflammation Macrophages - immunology Monocytes - immunology Myocardial infarction Myocardial Infarction - immunology Myocardial Infarction - pathology Myocardium - immunology Myocardium - pathology Neurology Nutrients Oxidative stress Pattern recognition Pharmacology/Toxicology Reactive oxygen species Repair Review Rheumatology Target recognition Myocardial infarction Tissue damage Inflammation Tissue repair Immune system
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Summary:	Introduction The immune system plays a crucial role in the initiation, development, and resolution of inflammation following myocardial infarction (MI). The lack of oxygen and nutrients causes the death of cardiomyocytes and leads to the exposure of danger-associated molecular patterns that are recognized by the immune system to initiate inflammation. Results At the initial stage of post-MI inflammation, the immune system further damages cardiac tissue to clear cell debris. The excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by immune cells and the inability of the anti-oxidant system to neutralize ROS cause oxidative stress that further aggravates inflammation. On the other hand, the cells of both innate and adaptive immune system and their secreted factors are critically instrumental in the very dynamic and complex processes of regulating inflammation and mediating cardiac repair. Conclusions It is important to decipher the balance between detrimental and beneficial effects of the immune system in MI. This enables us to identify better therapeutic targets for reducing the infarct size, sustaining the cardiac function, and minimizing the likelihood of heart failure. This review discusses the role of both innate and adaptive immune systems in cardiac tissue damage and repair in experimental models of MI.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:	1023-3830 1420-908X
DOI:	10.1007/s00011-017-1060-4