Timing of Hepatitis B Vaccine Birth Dose in Exposed Newborns, Southwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction Hepatitis B virus disease is a global acute and chronic communicable disease. Mother-to-child transmission is the reason for high carrier rates. Unvaccinated newborns infected through mother-to-child transmission are at >95% risk of developing chronic hepatitis B virus disease. Vacci...

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Published in:	SAGE open nursing Vol. 9; p. 23779608231187258
Main Authors:	Demissie, Mebratu, Weldekidan, Haregwa Asnake, Yosef, Yirgalem, Sori, Seboka Abebe, Tsega, Daniel, Jiru, Hirut Dinku, Derribow, Aberash Beyene, Tetema, Mesfin Difer, Jima, Gudeta Beriso, Zeleke, Fentahun Temene, Endeshew, Fikremariam, Abeje, Seblework
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01-01-2023 Sage Publications Ltd SAGE Publishing
Subjects:	Cross-sectional studies Hepatitis B Immunization Newborn babies Perinatal Nursing and Midwifery Vaccines Ethiopia hepatitis B vaccine Southwest Ethiopia exposed newborns timing of birth dose
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Summary:	Introduction Hepatitis B virus disease is a global acute and chronic communicable disease. Mother-to-child transmission is the reason for high carrier rates. Unvaccinated newborns infected through mother-to-child transmission are at >95% risk of developing chronic hepatitis B virus disease. Vaccination is the most effective measure to reduce the global incidence of hepatitis B virus disease. Despite the World Health Organization's target to achieve 90% of the hepatitis B vaccine birth dose by 2030, little is known about the vaccination status of exposed newborns. Objective The present study aimed to determine the timing of the hepatitis B vaccine birth dose in exposed newborns in Southwest Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was employed on 422 systematically selected exposed newborns from April 2, 2022, to August 28, 2022. A pretested, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were entered into Epi data 3.1 and exported into SPSS version 23 software for analysis. Both bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regressions were performed. Variables with a p-value <.05 at a 95% confidence interval (CI) were considered statistically significant. Results The proportion of neonates who received their first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine on time was 57 (42.5%) (95% CI: 38.3–46.1%). A higher likelihood of vaccinating their exposed newborns on time was associated with formal education (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.01, 95% CI: 2.21–7.09), four or more ANC visits (AOR = 2.33, 95% CI: 2.05–6.21), and husband engagement (AOR = 4.31, 95% CI: 2.03–6.34). Conclusion The proportion of timely initiation of the hepatitis B vaccine birth dose in Southwest Ethiopia was low. Thus, strengthening health education on the hepatitis B vaccine, encouraging women to have at least four ANC visits, and encouraging male involvement help improve the timely administration of the hepatitis B vaccine.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2377-9608 2377-9608
DOI:	10.1177/23779608231187258