Pharmacological evidence favouring the traditional use of the root bark of Condalia buxifolia Reissek in the relief of pain and inflammation in mice

The Condalia buxifolia root bark infusion is used in traditional medicine in Brazil as antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and against dysentery. This study was designed to investigate whether the methanolic extract of the root bark of Condalia buxifolia (MECb) exhibits antinociceptive and anti-inflammat...

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Published in:	Journal of ethnopharmacology Vol. 175; pp. 370 - 377
Main Authors:	Simões, Róli R., Coelho, Igor S., Junqueira, Stella C., Maldaner, Graciela, Morel, Ademir F., Venzke, Dalila, Ruani, Ana Paula, Pizzolatti, Moacir G., Zanchet, Eliane M., Santos, Adair R.S.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Ireland Elsevier Ireland Ltd 04-12-2015
Subjects:	Acetic Acid Alkaloid Analgesics - therapeutic use Animals Anti-inflammatory Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use Antinociceptive Behavior, Animal - drug effects Condalia buxifolia Edema - chemically induced Edema - drug therapy Female Formaldehyde Glutamic Acid Hot Temperature Medicine, Traditional Mice Motor Activity - drug effects Naloxone - pharmacology Narcotic Antagonists - pharmacology Pain Pain - chemically induced Pain - drug therapy Phytotherapy Plant Extracts - therapeutic use Plant Roots Rhamnaceae Antinociceptive Alkaloid Pain Rhamnaceae Anti-inflammatory Condalia buxifolia
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Summary:	The Condalia buxifolia root bark infusion is used in traditional medicine in Brazil as antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and against dysentery. This study was designed to investigate whether the methanolic extract of the root bark of Condalia buxifolia (MECb) exhibits antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in mice. Furthermore, also was investigated the involvement of glutamatergic and opioidergic system in the antinociceptive effect induced by MECb. The antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of intra-gastric gavage (i.g.) administered MECb (10–300mg/kg) were evaluated in mice subjected to chemical (formalin, acetic-acid, glutamate) or thermal (hot plate) models of pain. The involvement of opioid system in the antinociceptive effect of the MECb was investigated in formalin test. Furthermore, a nonspecific effect of MECb was evaluated by measuring locomotor activity and exploratory behavior in open field test. Finally, was performed a phytochemical analysis of MECb. The phytochemical analysis of MECb was performed through HPLC analysis showing that the alkaloid Condaline-A is the main constituent. The intragastric administration of MECb (100–300mg/kg) significantly inhibited the nociception caused by acetic acid (48±2%), inflammatory phase (49±3%) and paw edema (32±6) caused by formalin, and MECb (100mg/kg, i.g.) also inhibited nociception caused by glutamate (41±7%). In addition, MECb (100–300mg/kg, i.g.) increased the paw withdrawal latency in hot-plate test, without affecting the locomotor activity and exploratory behavior in open field test. Finally, the antinociceptive effects of MECb (100mg/kg, i.g.) were significantly reversed by naloxone (1mg/kg, i.p.) in the formalin test. These data show, for the first time, that MECb has significant antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects, which appear to be related to the inhibition of the glutamatergic system and the activation of opioid mechanism, besides present central effects. These results support the use of Condalia buxifolia in traditional medicine and demonstrate that this plant has therapeutic potential for the development of phytomedicines with antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties. [Display omitted]
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0378-8741 1872-7573
DOI:	10.1016/j.jep.2015.09.028