The pharmacokinetics of 38% silver diamine fluoride in healthy children with dental caries: a quasi-experimental study

The pharmacokinetics of 38% silver diamine fluoride in healthy children with dental caries: a quasi-experimental study

Purpose Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a medication used for the arrestment of dental caries. This study aims to determine the pharmacokinetics (PK) of silver and fluoride following SDF application in healthy children with dental caries. Methods A total of 15 subjects, aged 4 to 10 years, with at...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European archives of paediatric dentistry Vol. 24; no. 6; pp. 737 - 749
Main Authors: Lim, S. P., Zainal Aalam, N., Chik, Z., Musa, S.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-12-2023
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Biomarkers
Dental caries
Dental enamel
Dental materials
Dentistry
Diamines
Fluorides
Hair
Investigations
Medicine
Original Scientific Article
Pediatrics
Pharmacokinetics
Quasi-experimental methods
Sample size
Silver
Teeth
Toxicity
Urine
Hair samples
Urine samples
Children
Pharmacokinetics
Silver diamine fluoride
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Summary:Purpose Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a medication used for the arrestment of dental caries. This study aims to determine the pharmacokinetics (PK) of silver and fluoride following SDF application in healthy children with dental caries. Methods A total of 15 subjects, aged 4 to 10 years, with at least one cavity on a primary tooth, were recruited for this study. Urine samples were collected at baseline, first 24 h (F1) and second 24 h (F2) after SDF treatment for analysis of silver and fluoride content. Hair samples were also collected at baseline and at 7, 14, 30, 60, 75, and 90 days after SDF treatment to analyze silver content. Results Participants with under or over-collection of urine, or failure to provide urine collection were excluded for fluoride analysis. As a result, eight subjects’ urine samples were eligible for fluoride analysis. Significant correlations were observed between baseline urinary fluoride levels and F1/F2 levels. Pairwise comparisons from Friedman’s test showed significant differences between baseline and F1 fluoride levels. For silver analysis, 15 subjects were studied. F1 urinary silver levels were higher than baseline and F2 levels. Subsequent to SDF treatment, hair silver levels displayed fluctuations around the baseline. None of the participants reported adverse effects, and all caries teeth ceased progression within 30 days. Conclusions The urinary fluoride levels after SDF treatment, although higher, were not clinically significant. Urinary and hair silver levels were negligible. Therefore, SDF appears safe to be used among children.
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ISSN:1818-6300
1996-9805
DOI:10.1007/s40368-023-00837-8