Ginsenoside Absorption Rate and Extent Enhancement of Black Ginseng (CJ EnerG) over Red Ginseng in Healthy Adults

Ginsenoside Absorption Rate and Extent Enhancement of Black Ginseng (CJ EnerG) over Red Ginseng in Healthy Adults

Red ginseng (RG) and black ginseng (BG, CJ EnerG) were prepared from fresh ginseng using one and nine cycles of steaming and drying, respectively. This process reduces the molecular weight (MW) of ginsenoside-active compounds in ginseng by removing sugar moieties from their dammaranes. We compared t...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceutics Vol. 13; no. 4; p. 487
Main Authors: Yoo, Saebyul, Park, Bom-I, Kim, Do-Hyun, Lee, Sooyoung, Lee, Seung-Hoon, Shim, Wang-Seob, Seo, Yong Ki, Kang, Kimoon, Lee, Kyung-Tae, Yim, Sung-Vin, Soung, Do Yu, Kim, Bo-Hyung
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 02-04-2021
MDPI
Subjects:
black ginseng
Consent
ginsenosides
Hepatitis
Hospitalization
Immune system
Medical laboratories
Pharmacokinetics
United States > US
Japan
pharmacokinetics
black ginseng
ginsenosides
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Red ginseng (RG) and black ginseng (BG, CJ EnerG) were prepared from fresh ginseng using one and nine cycles of steaming and drying, respectively. This process reduces the molecular weight (MW) of ginsenoside-active compounds in ginseng by removing sugar moieties from their dammaranes. We compared the pharmacokinetic characteristics of ginsenosides between BG comprising mainly low-MW ginsenosides (Rg3, Rg5, Rk1, and Rh1) and RG that predominantly contains high-MW ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, and Rg1). The safety profiles and tolerability were also studied using a randomized, double-blind, single-dose, crossover clinical trial. A combination of Rb1, Rg1, and Rg3, well-known representative and functional RG components, exhibited a 1 h faster absorption rate (T ) and 58% higher exposure (24 h area under the concentration-time curve, AUC ) in BG than in RG. Furthermore, the combination of Rg3, Rg5, and Rk1, the major and most efficient components in BG, displayed 824% higher absorption (AUC ) in BG than in RG. The total ginsenoside showed a 5 h rapid intestinal absorption (T ) and 79% greater systemic exposure (AUC ) in BG than in RG. No clinically significant findings were observed in terms of safety or tolerability. Thus, BG extract was more effective than RG extract.
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics13040487