A mechanically driven form of Kirigami as a route to 3D mesostructures in micro/nanomembranes

Assembly of 3D micro/nanostructures in advanced functional materials has important implications across broad areas of technology. Existing approaches are compatible, however, only with narrow classes of materials and/or 3D geometries. This paper introduces ideas for a form of Kirigami that allows pr...

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Published in:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 112; no. 38; pp. 11757 - 11764
Main Authors:	Zhang, Yihui, Yan, Zheng, Nan, Kewang, Xiao, Dongqing, Liu, Yuhao, Luan, Haiwen, Fu, Haoran, Wang, Xizhu, Yang, Qinglin, Wang, Jiechen, Ren, Wen, Si, Hongzhi, Liu, Fei, Yang, Lihen, Li, Hejun, Wang, Juntong, Guo, Xuelin, Luo, Hongying, Wang, Liang, Huang, Yonggang, Rogers, John A.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States National Academy of Sciences 22-09-2015 National Acad Sciences National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC (United States)
Series:	Inaugural Article
Subjects:	buckling Geometry INAUGURAL ARTICLE Kirigami MATERIALS SCIENCE Membranes Nanotechnology Physical Sciences Silicon three-dimensional assembly membranes buckling three-dimensional assembly Kirigami
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Summary:	Assembly of 3D micro/nanostructures in advanced functional materials has important implications across broad areas of technology. Existing approaches are compatible, however, only with narrow classes of materials and/or 3D geometries. This paper introduces ideas for a form of Kirigami that allows precise, mechanically driven assembly of 3D mesostructures of diverse materials from 2D micro/nanomembranes with strategically designed geometries and patterns of cuts. Theoretical and experimental studies demonstrate applicability of the methods across length scales from macro to nano, in materials ranging from monocrystalline silicon to plastic, with levels of topographical complexity that significantly exceed those that can be achieved using other approaches. A broad set of examples includes 3D silicon mesostructures and hybrid nanomembrane–nanoribbon systems, including heterogeneous combinations with polymers and metals, with critical dimensions that range from 100 nm to 30 mm. A 3D mechanically tunable optical transmission window provides an application example of this Kirigami process, enabled by theoretically guided design.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) FG02-07ER46471; CMMI-1400169 1Y.Z. and Z.Y. contributed equally to this work. Reviewers: M.D.D., North Carolina State University; and S.Y., University of Pennsylvania. This contribution is part of the special series of Inaugural Articles by members of the National Academy of Sciences elected in 2015. Contributed by John A. Rogers, August 7, 2015 (sent for review July 14, 2015; reviewed by Michael David Dickey and Shu Yang) Author contributions: Y.Z., Z.Y., Y.H., and J.A.R. designed research; Y.Z., Z.Y., K.N., D.X., Y.L., H. Luan, H.F., X.W., Q.Y., Jiechen Wang, W.R., H.S., F.L., L.Y., H. Li, Juntong Wang, X.G., H. Luo, and L.W. performed research; Y.Z., Z.Y., Y.H., and J.A.R. analyzed data; and Y.Z., Z.Y., Y.H., and J.A.R. wrote the paper.
ISSN:	0027-8424 1091-6490
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.1515602112