Epidemiology and genetic characterization of respiratory syncytial virus in children with acute respiratory infections: Findings from the influenza sentinel surveillance network in Central African Republic, 2015 to 2018
Background and aims Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the main viral pathogens causing acute respiratory infections in children under 5 years of age but has seldom been studied in Central African Republic (CAF). Taking advantage of the national influenza surveillance network in CAF, this s...
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| Published in: | Health science reports Vol. 4; no. 2; pp. e298 - n/a |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
United States
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
01-06-2021
John Wiley and Sons Inc Wiley |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Summary: | Background and aims
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the main viral pathogens causing acute respiratory infections in children under 5 years of age but has seldom been studied in Central African Republic (CAF). Taking advantage of the national influenza surveillance network in CAF, this study aimed at providing the first insights into RSV prevalence and seasonality over 4 years of surveillance and the clinical manifestations of RSV in this population in CAF.
Methods
A total of 3903 children under 5 years matching the influenza‐like illness (ILI, 68.5%) or severe acute respiratory infection (SARI, 31.5%) case definitions were recruited from January 2015 to December 2018. The presence of RSV viral RNA in nasopharyngeal samples was assessed by RT‐PCR, followed by RSV‐A and RSV‐B typing and Sanger sequencing on a subset of samples. Phylogenetic analyses were carried on partial G protein sequences. Associations between RSV and demographic or clinical manifestations were investigated by statistical analyses.
Results
RSV prevalence was significantly higher in infants <6 months (13.4%), in hospitalized children (13.3% vs 5.5%) and in male patients (9.5% vs 6.4%). An overall prevalence of RSV of 8.0% in the period of 2015 to 2018 was shown, with significant annual (6.4%‐10.6%) and seasonal (12.7% in rainy season vs 3.0% in dry season) fluctuations. While RSV seasons in 2015, 2016, and 2018 were relatively similar, 2017 showed deviations from the overall patterns with significantly higher RSV circulation and an outbreak peak 3 to 5 months earlier. Concomitant circulation of RSV‐A and RSV‐B with an alternating predominance of RSV‐A and RSV‐B strains and temporal RSV‐A genotype replacement from NA1 to ON1 was observed.
Conclusion
This study represents the first in‐depth epidemiological analysis of RSV in CAF and provides first insights into RSV genetic diversity and seasonality in the country.
This study provides the first insights into respiratory syncytial virus prevalence and seasonality over 4 years of surveillance and its clinical manifestations in young children with acute respiratory infections recruited through the national influenza surveillance network in Central African Republic. |
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| Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Funding information Department of Health and Human Service (DHHS), USA; Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs and Luxembourg Institute of Health, Grant/Award Numbers: MAE‐IV, MAE‐V; Sentinel influenza surveillance in the Central African Republic is supported by the Department of Health and Human Service (DHHS) of USA. This study was also supported by the Luxembourg Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs and Luxembourg Institute of Health [grants MAE‐IV and MAE‐V]. G.F.K. was also supported by a PhD training fellowship funded by the Luxembourg Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs. The funders had no role in the study design, collection, data analysis, and interpretation or manuscript writing |
| ISSN: | 2398-8835 2398-8835 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/hsr2.298 |