Endophytic fungi from the common walnut and their in vitro antagonistic activity against Ophiognomonia leptostyla

Endophytic fungi from the common walnut and their in vitro antagonistic activity against Ophiognomonia leptostyla

The common (or English) walnut ( Juglans regia L.) is an economically important hardwood tree species cultivated worldwide for its edible nuts and high-quality wood. However, walnut trees are attacked by many pathogens causing economic damage. Among these pathogens, the most important fungal disease...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biológia Vol. 78; no. 2; pp. 361 - 371
Main Authors: Yabaneri, Cafer, Sevim, Ali
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01-02-2023
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Alternaria
Anthracnose
Biological control
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cell Biology
Control programs
Economic importance
Edible nuts
Endophytes
Fungal diseases
Fungi
Fungicides
Fusarium
Gene sequencing
Genes
Hardwoods
Juglans regia
Life Sciences
Microbiology
Neonectria
Non-ribosomal peptide synthase
Ophiognomonia leptostyla
Original Article
Pathogens
Peptide synthase
Plant Sciences
Plant species
Polyketide synthase
Polyketide synthase I
Roots
Species richness
Walnuts
Zoology
Antifungal genes
Anthracnose
Endophyte
Biological control
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Summary:The common (or English) walnut ( Juglans regia L.) is an economically important hardwood tree species cultivated worldwide for its edible nuts and high-quality wood. However, walnut trees are attacked by many pathogens causing economic damage. Among these pathogens, the most important fungal disease agent of walnut is Ophiognomonia leptostyla (Fr.) Sogonov (formerly Gnomonia leptostyla (Fr.) Ces. et de Not), which causes walnut anthracnose. In this study, endophytic fungi from various walnuts tissues (leaves, roots, twigs, shoots, fruits, and petioles) were isolated and molecularly identified by ITS gene sequencing. Additionally, the isolated fungi were tested for their in vitro antagonistic potential against O. leptostyla . A total of 35 endophytic fungi were isolated and species richness of endophytic fungi in roots was found to be higher than in aboveground organs. The most frequently isolated species was Fusarium sp. Seven isolates ( Alternaria sp. CC-3, A. chlamydosporigena CC-8 and CC-9, Fusarium acuminatum CC-11, unidentified CC-16, Neonectria sp. CC-22 and unidentified CC-44) showed the antagonistic effects on O. leptostyla at different rates and the highest inhibition rate was obtained from Alternaria sp. CC-3 with 52.5%. Also, the presence of polyketide synthase I-II and non-ribosomal peptide synthase genes (possible antifungal-related genes) was investigated by PCR. From seven isolates showing antagonistic activity, PKS-I gene was detected in 3 isolates ( Alternaria sp. CC-3, A. chlamydosporigena CC-8 and CC-9), PKS-II in one isolate ( F. acuminatum CC-11), NRPS in two isolates (unidentified CC-16 and Neonectria sp. CC-22). None of three genes was detected in one isolate (unidentified CC-44). This is the first study to determine the antagonistic activity of the endophytic fungi isolated from walnuts against O. leptostyla . It is thought that the results will be beneficial in the future biological control programs for walnut anthracnose disease.
ISSN:1336-9563
0006-3088
1336-9563
DOI:10.1007/s11756-022-01218-0