Gene expression in the rat brain during sleep deprivation and recovery sleep: an Affymetrix GeneChip® study

Previous studies have demonstrated that macromolecular synthesis in the brain is modulated in association with the occurrence of sleep and wakefulness. Similarly, the spectral composition of electroencephalographic activity that occurs during sleep is dependent on the duration of prior wakefulness....

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Published in:	Neuroscience Vol. 137; no. 2; pp. 593 - 605
Main Authors:	Terao, A., Wisor, J.P., Peyron, C., Apte-Deshpande, A., Wurts, S.W., Edgar, D.M., Kilduff, T.S.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01-01-2006 Elsevier
Subjects:	Action Potentials - genetics Animals basal forebrain Basal Nucleus of Meynert - anatomy & histology Basal Nucleus of Meynert - metabolism Basal Nucleus of Meynert - physiopathology Biological and medical sciences Brain - anatomy & histology Brain - metabolism cerebral cortex Cerebral Cortex - anatomy & histology Cerebral Cortex - metabolism Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology Disorders of higher nervous function. Focal brain diseases. Central vestibular syndrome and deafness. Brain stem syndromes Electroencephalography Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene Expression Profiling Gene Expression Regulation - physiology Genes, Immediate-Early - genetics Heat-Shock Proteins - biosynthesis Heat-Shock Proteins - genetics hypothalamus Hypothalamus - anatomy & histology Hypothalamus - metabolism Hypothalamus - physiopathology immediate early genes Male Medical sciences Mice Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes) Neurology Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis Rats Rats, Wistar Recovery of Function - genetics Rodentia Sleep - physiology sleep deprivation Sleep Deprivation - genetics Sleep Deprivation - metabolism Species Specificity Taqman analysis Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs MM RS BF EEG basal forebrain EST cerebral cortex Hy SD sleep deprivation Taqman analysis Cx immediate early genes ZT SWA PM hypothalamus Nervous system diseases Cerebral cortex Rat Rodentia Central nervous system Sleep disorder Hypothalamus Gene expression Encephalon Prosencephalon Vertebrata Mammalia Insomnia Animal Neurological disorder Immediate early gene
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Summary:	Previous studies have demonstrated that macromolecular synthesis in the brain is modulated in association with the occurrence of sleep and wakefulness. Similarly, the spectral composition of electroencephalographic activity that occurs during sleep is dependent on the duration of prior wakefulness. Since this homeostatic relationship between wake and sleep is highly conserved across mammalian species, genes that are truly involved in the electroencephalographic response to sleep deprivation might be expected to be conserved across mammalian species. Therefore, in the rat cerebral cortex, we have studied the effects of sleep deprivation on the expression of immediate early gene and heat shock protein mRNAs previously shown to be upregulated in the mouse brain in sleep deprivation and in recovery sleep after sleep deprivation. We find that the molecular response to sleep deprivation and recovery sleep in the brain is highly conserved between these two mammalian species, at least in terms of expression of immediate early gene and heat shock protein family members. Using Affymetrix Neurobiology U34 GeneChips® , we also screened the rat cerebral cortex, basal forebrain, and hypothalamus for other genes whose expression may be modulated by sleep deprivation or recovery sleep. We find that the response of the basal forebrain to sleep deprivation is more similar to that of the cerebral cortex than to the hypothalamus. Together, these results suggest that sleep-dependent changes in gene expression in the cerebral cortex are similar across rodent species and therefore may underlie sleep history-dependent changes in sleep electroencephalographic activity.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Current address: Hypnion, Inc., 500 Patriot Way, Lexington, MA 02421, USA. Current address: Laboratoire de pathophysiologie des réseaux neuronaux controllant le cycle veille-sommeil, CNRS UMR 5167, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon1, France. Current address: Department of CNS Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686 Japan.
ISSN:	0306-4522 1873-7544
DOI:	10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.08.059