Predicting Impact Velocities of Developed Jets

Predicting Impact Velocities of Developed Jets

Dam overtopping often results in the erosion of foundation and abutment materials. To quantify erosion potential, the jet impact velocity at the plunge pool interface must be estimated. Regións of the overtopping jet trajectory through free-fall are termed undeveloped (compact) and developed (indivi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water international Vol. 24; no. 3; pp. 255 - 265
Main Authors: Lewis, Todd M., Abt, Steven R., Wittler, F. Rodney J., Annandale, George W.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Carbondale, IL Taylor & Francis Group 01-09-1999
International Water Resources Association
Subjects:
dam safety
Dam stability
developed jet
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics
Engineering geology
Exact sciences and technology
free-falling jets
impact velocity
scour
undeveloped jet
instruments
physical models
simulation
safety
mathematical models
erosion
foundations
impacts
velocity
dams
stability
laboratory studies
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Summary:Dam overtopping often results in the erosion of foundation and abutment materials. To quantify erosion potential, the jet impact velocity at the plunge pool interface must be estimated. Regións of the overtopping jet trajectory through free-fall are termed undeveloped (compact) and developed (individual particles). A physical model was constructed to simulate the developed region of a free-falling jet and to measure the impact velocity of developed jets. The equation derived for estimating the impact velocity of an undeveloped jet (Ervine and Falvey, 1987) was applied to the developed portion. The undeveloped jet estimation equation significantly overestimated the impact velocity of the developed jet. A drag expression was formulated and appended to the undeveloped equation resulting in a new equation, referred to as the Dimensional Equation Technique. The Dimensional Equation Technique was used to estimate developed jet impact velocities to within ± 4 percent.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-1
content type line 23
ISSN:0250-8060
1941-1707
DOI:10.1080/02508069908692169