Accumulation of Microcystin-LR in Grains of Two Rice Varieties ( Oryza sativa L. ) and a Leafy Vegetable, Ipomoea aquatica

The potential transfer of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) to humans via crop plants irrigated with MC-contaminated water is causing serious concern. In this study, two variants, a hybrid (BG358), a traditional (Suwandel) variety, and a leafy green vegetable crop, , were exposed under laboratory conditions to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Toxins Vol. 11; no. 8; p. 432
Main Authors:	Wijewickrama, Menuja M, Manage, Pathmalal M
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 24-07-2019 MDPI
Subjects:	Agricultural land Body weight Contamination Crops Cyanobacteria Drinking water Eutrophication Exposure Food contamination & poisoning Health risks High performance liquid chromatography human health risk Ipomoea aquatica Irrigation Laboratories Liquid chromatography Microcystin-LR Microcystins Microcystis Oryza sativa Photodiodes Rice tolerable daily intake Vegetables Water pollution Sri Lanka Oryza sativa microcystins tolerable daily intake Ipomoea aquatica human health risk
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Summary:	The potential transfer of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) to humans via crop plants irrigated with MC-contaminated water is causing serious concern. In this study, two variants, a hybrid (BG358), a traditional (Suwandel) variety, and a leafy green vegetable crop, , were exposed under laboratory conditions to natural blooms of sampled from a hypereutrophic lake contaminated with MC-LR (3,197.37 ± 1.04 µg/L). Field samples of and were collected from farmlands that had been irrigated from a reservoir, containing MC-LR (180 µg/L). MC-LR was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography followed by photodiode-array detection (HPLC-PDA). From the laboratory study, we calculated the potential human health exposure from BG358, Suwandel and as 2.84 ± 0.01, 0.22 ± 0.01, and 0.06 ± 0.01 µg/kg of body weight/day, respectively, whereas the potential health exposures from BG358, Suwandel and collected from the field were 0.10 ± 0.01, 0.009 ± 0.005, and 0.03 ± 0.01 µg/kg of body weight/day, respectively. In certain instances, the results exceeded the World Health Organization's (WHO) tolerable daily intake of MC-LR, posing a potential health risk to humans. Thus, our results emphasize the importance of continuous screening programs for cyanotoxins in edible plants in the future to prevent the consumption of contaminated crops.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2072-6651 2072-6651
DOI:	10.3390/toxins11080432