Search Results - "Westbrook, Andrew"

What is the subjective cost of cognitive effort? Load, trait, and aging effects revealed by economic preference by Westbrook, Andrew, Kester, Daria, Braver, Todd S

“…It has long been assumed that people treat cognitive effort as costly, but also that such effort costs may vary greatly across individuals. Individual…”
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Exploring brain-behavior relationships in the N-back task by Lamichhane, Bidhan, Westbrook, Andrew, Cole, Michael W., Braver, Todd S.

“…Working memory (WM) function has traditionally been investigated in terms of two dimensions: within-individual effects of WM load, and between-individual…”
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Mechanisms of motivation–cognition interaction: challenges and opportunities by Braver, Todd S., Krug, Marie K., Chiew, Kimberly S., Kool, Wouter, Westbrook, J. Andrew, Clement, Nathan J., Adcock, R. Alison, Barch, Deanna M., Botvinick, Matthew M., Carver, Charles S., Cools, Roshan, Custers, Ruud, Dickinson, Anthony, Dweck, Carol S., Fishbach, Ayelet, Gollwitzer, Peter M., Hess, Thomas M., Isaacowitz, Derek M., Mather, Mara, Murayama, Kou, Pessoa, Luiz, Samanez-Larkin, Gregory R., Somerville, Leah H.

“…Recent years have seen a rejuvenation of interest in studies of motivation–cognition interactions arising from many different areas of psychology and…”
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Is it cognitive effort you measure? Comparing three task paradigms to the Need for Cognition scale by Mækelæ, Martin Jensen, Klevjer, Kristoffer, Westbrook, Andrew, Eby, Noah S, Eriksen, Rikke, Pfuhl, Gerit

“…Measuring individual differences in cognitive effort can be elusive as effort is a function of motivation and ability. We report six studies (N = 663)…”
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A randomised controlled trial of an open lung strategy with staircase recruitment, titrated PEEP and targeted low airway pressures in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome by Hodgson, Carol L, Tuxen, David V, Davies, Andrew R, Bailey, Michael J, Higgins, Alisa M, Holland, Anne E, Keating, Jenny L, Pilcher, David V, Westbrook, Andrew J, Cooper, David J, Nichol, Alistair D

“…Tidal volume and plateau pressure minimisation are the standard components of a protective lung ventilation strategy for patients with acute respiratory…”
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Catecholaminergic modulation of the cost of cognitive control in healthy older adults by Froböse, Monja I, Westbrook, Andrew, Bloemendaal, Mirjam, Aarts, Esther, Cools, Roshan

“…Catecholamines have long been associated with cognitive control and value-based decision-making. More recently, we have shown that catecholamines also modulate…”
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Striatal dopamine dissociates methylphenidate effects on value-based versus surprise-based reversal learning by van den Bosch, Ruben, Lambregts, Britt, Määttä, Jessica, Hofmans, Lieke, Papadopetraki, Danae, Westbrook, Andrew, Verkes, Robbert-Jan, Booij, Jan, Cools, Roshan

“…Psychostimulants such as methylphenidate are widely used for their cognitive enhancing effects, but there is large variability in the direction and extent of…”
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Methylphenidate boosts choices of mental labor over leisure depending on striatal dopamine synthesis capacity by Hofmans, Lieke, Papadopetraki, Danae, van den Bosch, Ruben, Määttä, Jessica I, Froböse, Monja I, Zandbelt, Bram B, Westbrook, Andrew, Verkes, Robbert-Jan, Cools, Roshan

“…The cognitive enhancing effects of methylphenidate are well established, but the mechanisms remain unclear. We recently demonstrated that methylphenidate…”
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Age of red blood cells and mortality in the critically ill by Pettilä, Ville, Westbrook, Andrew J, Nichol, Alistair D, Bailey, Michael J, Wood, Erica M, Syres, Gillian, Phillips, Louise E, Street, Alison, French, Craig, Murray, Lynnette, Orford, Neil, Santamaria, John D, Bellomo, Rinaldo, Cooper, David J

“…In critically ill patients, it is uncertain whether exposure to older red blood cells (RBCs) may contribute to mortality. We therefore aimed to evaluate the…”
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Cognitive effort avoidance in veterans with suicide attempt histories by Bjork, James M., Sawyers, Chelsea K., Straub, Lisa K., Garavito, David M.N., Westbrook, Andrew

“…Suicide attempts (SA) are increasing in the United States, especially in veterans. Discovering individual cognitive features of the subset of suicide ideators…”
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Striatal dopamine synthesis capacity reflects smartphone social activity by Westbrook, Andrew, Ghosh, Arko, van den Bosch, Ruben, Määttä, Jessica I., Hofmans, Lieke, Cools, Roshan

“…Striatal dopamine and smartphone behavior have both been linked with behavioral variability. Here, we leverage day-to-day logs of natural, unconstrained…”
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Protocol Based on Thromboelastograph (TEG) Out-Performs Physician Preference Using Laboratory Coagulation Tests to Guide Blood Replacement During and After Cardiac Surgery: A Pilot Study by Westbrook, Andrew J., MB, FCARCSI, FJFICM, Olsen, Jodi, RN, Bailey, Michael, PhD, Bates, John, MB, FCARCSI, MRCPI, FJFICM, Scully, Michael, MB, MRCPI, FCARCSI, FJFICM, Salamonsen, Robert F., MD, FANZCA, FJFICM

“…Background Allogenic blood transfusion may affect clinical outcomes negatively. Up to 20% of blood transfusions in the United States are associated with…”
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Intact Ventral Striatal Prediction Error Signaling in Medicated Schizophrenia Patients by Culbreth, Adam J., M.A, Westbrook, Andrew, M.S, Xu, Ziye, M.S, Barch, Deanna M., Ph.D, Waltz, James A., Ph. D

“…Abstract Background Midbrain dopaminergic neurons code a computational quantity, reward prediction error (RPE), which has been causally related to learning…”
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The Subjective Value of Cognitive Effort is Encoded by a Domain-General Valuation Network by Westbrook, Andrew, Lamichhane, Bidhan, Braver, Todd

“…Cognitive control is necessary for goal-directed behavior, yet people treat cognitive control demand as a cost, which discounts the value of rewards in a…”
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Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolus in patients with traumatic brain injury: A prospective observational study by Praeger, Adrian J, Westbrook, Andrew J, Nichol, Alistair D, Wijemunige, Ruwan, Davies, Andrew R, Lyon, Stuart M, Wills, Judy L, Bailey, Michael, Rosenfeld, Jeffrey V, Cooper, D James

“…Background: Intensive care patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at high risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT). A high rate of DVT was…”
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Dopamine Does Double Duty in Motivating Cognitive Effort by Westbrook, Andrew, Braver, Todd S.

“…Cognitive control is subjectively costly, suggesting that engagement is modulated in relationship to incentive state. Dopamine appears to play key roles. In…”
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Cognitive effort: A neuroeconomic approach by Westbrook, Andrew, Braver, Todd S.

“…Cognitive effort has been implicated in numerous theories regarding normal and aberrant behavior and the physiological response to engagement with demanding…”
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A mosaic of cost–benefit control over cortico-striatal circuitry by Westbrook, Andrew, Frank, Michael J., Cools, Roshan

“…Dopamine contributes to cognitive control through well-established effects in both the striatum and cortex. Although earlier work suggests that dopamine…”
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Dopamine and proximity in motivation and cognitive control by Westbrook, Andrew, Frank, Michael

“…•Striatal dopamine can both promote cognitive control and undermine it.•Opposing effects may be resolved considering striatal action selection biases.•Dopamine…”
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Including Early Career Researchers in Scientific Publishing by Chen, Xi, Gupta, Swati, Russo, Simone, Sitzia, Giacomo, Westbrook, Andrew, White, Samantha R

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