Effects of lecithin-based nanoemulsions on skin: Short-time cytotoxicity MTT and BrdU studies, skin penetration of surfactants and additives and the delivery of curcumin

[Display omitted] Surfactants are important ingredients in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations, as in creams, shampoos or shower gels. As conventional emulsifiers such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) have fallen into disrepute due to their skin irritation potential, the naturally occurring leci...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	International journal of pharmaceutics Vol. 580; p. 119209
Main Authors:	Vater, Claudia, Hlawaty, Victoria, Werdenits, Patricia, Cichoń, Małgorzata Anna, Klang, Victoria, Elbe-Bürger, Adelheid, Wirth, Michael, Valenta, Claudia
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier B.V 30-04-2020
Subjects:	Adult Aged Animals ATR-FTIR BrdU-assay Bromodeoxyuridine - administration & dosage Bromodeoxyuridine - chemistry Bromodeoxyuridine - metabolism Cell Survival - drug effects Cell Survival - physiology Curcumin Curcumin - administration & dosage Curcumin - chemistry Curcumin - metabolism Cytotoxicity Cytotoxins - administration & dosage Cytotoxins - chemistry Cytotoxins - metabolism Drug Delivery Systems - methods Emulsions - administration & dosage Emulsions - chemistry Emulsions - metabolism Female Flavoring Agents - administration & dosage Flavoring Agents - chemistry Flavoring Agents - metabolism Humans Lecithin Lecithins - administration & dosage Lecithins - chemistry Lecithins - metabolism Male Middle Aged MTT-assay Nanoemulsions Nanoparticles - administration & dosage Nanoparticles - chemistry Nanoparticles - metabolism Phospholipids Skin Absorption - drug effects Skin Absorption - physiology Skin penetration Surface-Active Agents - administration & dosage Surface-Active Agents - chemistry Surface-Active Agents - metabolism Surfactants Swine Tape stripping Time Factors Young Adult Skin penetration PBS TEWL MTT-assay SDS Lecithin ATR-FTIR Tape stripping Nanoemulsions Cytotoxicity Phospholipids BrdU-assay Surfactants MTT PDI Curcumin ATR-FTIR-spectroscopy BrdU
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Summary:	[Display omitted] Surfactants are important ingredients in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations, as in creams, shampoos or shower gels. As conventional emulsifiers such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) have fallen into disrepute due to their skin irritation potential, the naturally occurring lecithins are being investigated as a potential alternative. Thus, lecithin-based nanoemulsions with and without the drug curcumin, known for its wound healing properties, were produced and characterised in terms of their particle size, polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potential and compared to SDS-based formulations. In vitro toxicity of the produced blank nanoemulsions was assessed with primary human keratinocytes and fibroblasts using two different cell viability assays (BrdU and EZ4U). Further, we investigated the penetration profiles of the deployed surfactants and oil components using combined ATR-FTIR/tape stripping experiments and confirmed the ability of the lecithin-based nanoemulsions to deliver curcumin into the stratum corneum in tape stripping-UV/Vis experiments. All manufactured nanoemulsions showed droplet sizes under 250 nm with satisfying PDI and zeta potential values. Viability assays with human skin cells clearly indicated that lecithin-based nanoemulsions were superior to SDS-based formulations. ATR-FTIR tests showed that lecithin and oil components remained in the superficial layers of the stratum corneum, suggesting a low risk for skin irritation. Ex vivo tape stripping experiments revealed that the kind of oil used in the nanoemulsion seemed to influence the depth of curcumin penetration into the stratum corneum.
ISSN:	0378-5173 1873-3476
DOI:	10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119209