Phenotypic and genotypic assessment of fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides resistances in Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from Minia hospitals, Egypt during COVID-19 pandemic

One of the most prevalent bacteria that cause nosocomial infections is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Fluoroquinolones (FQ) and aminoglycosides are vital antipseudomonal drugs, but resistance is increasingly prevalent. The study sought to investigate the diverse mechanisms underlying FQ and aminoglycoside...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	BMC infectious diseases Vol. 24; no. 1; pp. 763 - 14
Main Authors:	Boushra, Maria Refaat, Gad, Gamal Fadl Mahmoud, Hassuna, Noha Anwar, Waly, Nancy Gamil Fawzy, Ibrahem, Reham Ali
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England BioMed Central Ltd 31-07-2024 BioMed Central BMC
Subjects:	Aminoglycoside antibiotics Aminoglycosides Aminoglycosides - pharmacology Aminoglycosides resistance Analysis Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology Antibacterial agents Antibiotics Bacteria Control COVID-19 COVID-19 - epidemiology DNA fingerprinting DNA methyltransferase Dosage and administration Drug resistance Drug resistance in microorganisms Drug Resistance, Bacterial - genetics Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - genetics Efflux Egypt Egypt - epidemiology Enzymes Fingerprinting Fluoroquinolones Fluoroquinolones - pharmacology Fluoroquinolones resistance Gene expression Gene mutations Genes Genetic aspects Genotype Health aspects Hospitals Humans Identification and classification Infection Infections Iran Microbial Sensitivity Tests Nosocomial infection Pandemics Phenotype Point mutation Polymerase chain reaction Polymorphism Prevention Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pseudomonas aeruginosa - drug effects Pseudomonas aeruginosa - genetics Pseudomonas aeruginosa - isolation & purification Pseudomonas Infections - epidemiology Pseudomonas Infections - microbiology Quinolones Random amplified polymorphic DNA Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique RAPD typing Real-time PCR SARS-CoV-2 - drug effects SARS-CoV-2 - genetics Tracking Transferases Egypt Iran United Kingdom > UK United States > US India Pseudomonas aeruginosa Aminoglycosides resistance RAPD typing Real-time PCR Fluoroquinolones resistance
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Summary:	One of the most prevalent bacteria that cause nosocomial infections is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Fluoroquinolones (FQ) and aminoglycosides are vital antipseudomonal drugs, but resistance is increasingly prevalent. The study sought to investigate the diverse mechanisms underlying FQ and aminoglycoside resistance in various P. aeruginosa strains particularly during the COVID-19 crisis. From various clinical and environmental samples, 110 P. aeruginosa isolates were identified and their susceptibility to several antibiotic classes was evaluated. Molecular techniques were used to track target gene mutations, the presence of genes encoding for quinolone resistance, modifying enzymes for aminoglycosides and resistance methyltransferase (RMT). Efflux pump role was assessed phenotypically and genotypically. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to measure clonal diversity. QnrS was the most frequently encountered quinolone resistance gene (37.5%) followed by qnrA (31.2%) and qnrD (25%). Among aminoglycoside resistant isolates, 94.1% harbored modifying enzymes genes, while RMT genes were found in 55.9% of isolates. The aac(6')-Ib and rmtB were the most prevalent genes (79.4% and 32.3%, respectively). Most FQ resistant isolates overexpressed mexA (87.5%). RAPD fingerprinting showed 63.2% polymorphism. Aminoglycosides and FQ resistance observed in this study was attributed to several mechanisms with the potential for cross-contamination existence so, strict infection control practices are crucial.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1471-2334 1471-2334
DOI:	10.1186/s12879-024-09605-5