Determinants of incomplete childhood hepatitis B vaccination in Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea: Analysis of national surveys (2018–2020)

Determinants of incomplete childhood hepatitis B vaccination in Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea: Analysis of national surveys (2018–2020)

Vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) is effective at preventing vertical transmission. Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea are hyperendemic West African countries; yet, childhood vaccination coverage is suboptimal, and the determinants of incomplete vaccination are poorly understood. We analyze...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Epidemiology and infection Vol. 151; p. e193
Main Authors: Yendewa, George A., James, Peter B., Mohareb, Amir, Barrie, Umaru, Massaquoi, Samuel P. E., Yendewa, Sahr A., Ghazzawi, Manal, Bockarie, Tahir, Cummings, Peterlyn E., Diallo, Ibrahima S., Johnson, Ambulai, Vohnm, Benjamin, Babawo, Lawrence S., Deen, Gibrilla F., Kabba, Mustapha, Sahr, Foday, Lakoh, Sulaiman, Salata, Robert A.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 03-11-2023
Subjects:
Access to information
Child
Children
Epidemics
Estimates
Female
Guinea
Health care facilities
Hepatitis
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B - epidemiology
Hepatitis B - prevention & control
Hepatitis B Vaccines
Humans
Immunization
Infections
Liberia - epidemiology
Multivariate analysis
Original Paper
Population
Pregnancy
Public health
R&D
Regression analysis
Research & development
Sierra Leone - epidemiology
Sociodemographics
Statistical analysis
Surveys
Vaccination
Vaccines
Variables
Viruses
Womens health
Liberia
Guinea
Sierra Leone
epidemiology
resource limitted settings
Sierra Leone
hepatitis B virus
immunization
public health
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Summary:Vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) is effective at preventing vertical transmission. Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea are hyperendemic West African countries; yet, childhood vaccination coverage is suboptimal, and the determinants of incomplete vaccination are poorly understood. We analyzed national survey data (2018–2020) of children aged 4–35 months to assess complete HBV vaccination (receiving 3 doses of the pentavalent vaccine) and incomplete vaccination (receiving <3 doses). Statistical analysis was conducted using the complex sample command in SPSS (version 28). Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify determinants of incomplete immunization. Overall, 11,181 mothers were analyzed (4,846 from Sierra Leone, 2,788 from Liberia, and 3,547 from Guinea). Sierra Leone had the highest HBV childhood vaccination coverage (70.3%), followed by Liberia (64.6%) and Guinea (39.3%). Within countries, HBV vaccination coverage varied by socioeconomic characteristics and healthcare access. In multivariate regression analysis, factors that were significantly associated with incomplete vaccination in at least one country included sex of the child, Muslim mothers, lower household wealth index, <4 antenatal visits, home delivery, and distance to health facility vaccination (all p < 0.05). Understanding and addressing modifiable determinants of incomplete vaccination will be essential to help achieve the 2030 viral hepatitis elimination goals.
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ISSN:0950-2688
1469-4409
DOI:10.1017/S0950268823001735