The association between aberrant salience and psychotic experiences in general population twins, and genetic vulnerability as a modifier

The association between aberrant salience and psychotic experiences in general population twins, and genetic vulnerability as a modifier

Previous studies assessing the hypothesis that the construct of 'aberrant salience' is associated with psychosis and psychotic symptoms showed conflicting results. For this reason, the association between measures to index aberrant salience and subclinical psychotic symptoms in a general p...

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Published in:BMC psychiatry Vol. 24; no. 1; pp. 736 - 12
Main Authors: Drukker, Marjan, Todor, Tatvan, Bongaarts, Jelle, Broggi, Eleonora, Kelkar, Mihika, Wigglesworth, Thomas, Verhiel, Kayle, van Leeuwen, Karel, Koster, Meinte, Derom, Catherine, Thiery, Evert, De Hert, Marc, Menne-Lothmann, Claudia, Decoster, Jeroen, Collip, Dina, van Winkel, Ruud, Jacobs, Nele, Guloksuz, Sinan, Rutten, Bart, van Os, Jim
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 26-10-2024
BioMed Central
BMC
Subjects:
Aberrant salience
Adolescent
Adult
Analysis
Care and treatment
Demographic aspects
Diagnosis
Diseases in Twins - genetics
Dopamine
Female
Genetic analysis
Genetic aspects
Genetic Predisposition to Disease - genetics
Genetic susceptibility
Genetic variability
Genetic variation
Genetic vulnerability
Hallucinations
Health aspects
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Population genetics
Population studies
Psychological aspects
Psychoses
Psychosis
Psychotic Disorders - genetics
Psychotic Disorders - psychology
Schizophrenia
Subclinical psychotic symptoms
Twins
Twins - genetics
Twins - psychology
Young Adult
Europe
Genetic vulnerability
Subclinical psychotic symptoms
Aberrant salience
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Summary:Previous studies assessing the hypothesis that the construct of 'aberrant salience' is associated with psychosis and psychotic symptoms showed conflicting results. For this reason, the association between measures to index aberrant salience and subclinical psychotic symptoms in a general population sample was analysed. In addition, genetic vulnerability was added to the analysis as a modifier to test the hypothesis that modification by genetic vulnerability may explain variability in the results. The TwinssCan project obtained data from general population twins (N = 887). CAPE (Community Assessment of Psychic Experience) scores were used to index psychotic experiences. Aberrant salience was assessed with white noise task and ambiguous situations task. Measures of aberrant salience were not associated with psychotic experiences, nor was there evidence for an interaction with genetic predisposition in this association (Z = 1.08, p = 0.282). Various studies including the present could not replicate the association between aberrant salience and psychotic experiences in general population samples. The conflicting findings might be explained by moderation by genetic vulnerability, but results are inconsistent. If there was evidence for a main effect or interaction, this was in the positive symptom scale only. On the other hand, the association was more robust in so-called 'ultra-high risk' patients and first episode psychosis patients. Thus, this association may represent a state-dependent association, present only at the more severe end of the psychosis spectrum.
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ISSN:1471-244X
1471-244X
DOI:10.1186/s12888-024-06176-2