Anti-hyperglycemic potential and chemical constituents of Aristolochia triangularis Cham. leaves − A medicinal species native to Brazilian forests

Aristolochia triangularis Cham. has been used in Brazilian traditional medicine for various therapeutic purposes, including as a leaf-based infusion for diabetes management. Aim of the study: This study was designed to chemically characterize an infusion of in natura A. triangularis leaves and evalu...

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Published in:	Journal of ethnopharmacology Vol. 303; p. 115991
Main Authors:	de Araújo, Flávio Henrique Souza, Nogueira, Cláudio Rodrigo, Trichez, Virginia Demarchi Kappel, da Rosa Guterres, Zaira, da Silva Pinto, Luciano, Velter, Suzana Queiroz, Mantovani Ferreira, Guilherme Antonio, Machado, Marcos Batista, de Oliveira Gomes Neves, Kidney, Vieira, Maria do Carmo, Lima Cardoso, Claudia Andrea, Heredia-Vieira, Silvia Cristina, de Oliveira, Kelly Mari Pires, Piva, Raul Cremonize, Oesterreich, Silvia Aparecida
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Ireland Elsevier B.V 01-03-2023
Subjects:	3,4-dihydroisoquinoline alpha-Glucosidases Animals Aristolochia Aristolochiaceae Blood Glucose Brazil Chromatography, Liquid Diabetes Expoxylignans Flavonols Hyperglycemia Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use Lactase Male Plant Extracts - therapeutic use Plant Leaves - chemistry Rats Sucrase Tandem Mass Spectrometry Brazil Flavonols Hyperglycemia Diabetes 3,4-dihydroisoquinoline Expoxylignans Aristolochiaceae
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Summary:	Aristolochia triangularis Cham. has been used in Brazilian traditional medicine for various therapeutic purposes, including as a leaf-based infusion for diabetes management. Aim of the study: This study was designed to chemically characterize an infusion of in natura A. triangularis leaves and evaluate the in vivo anti-hyperglycemic properties of this infusion. Materials and methods: Chemical composition was examined using liquid–liquid extraction procedure, chromatographic methods, NMR, and LC−MS/MS. The in vivo anti-hyperglycemic activity of the freeze-dried infusion of A. triangularis leaves (Inf-L-At) was assessed using oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Initially, normoglycemic male rats were pre-treated with orally administered Inf-L-At at doses of 62.5, 125, and 250 mg/kg for two consecutive days. On the day of the OGTT, fasting animals received a glucose load (4 g/kg) 30 min after treatment with Inf-L-At, and the blood glucose levels were verified at 15, 30, 60, and 180 min. Intestinal maltase, lactase, and sucrase activities and muscle and liver glycogen contents were also assessed after the OGTT. Results: Inf-L-At extract led to glycemic reduction with no dose-response at 15, 30, and 60 min comparable to that of the antidiabetic drug glibenclamide and was accompanied by an increase in hepatic and muscle glycogen contents. Additionally, there was a significant statistically decrease in the in vitro activity of disaccharidases. Maltase and sucrase activities were inhibited at all doses, whereas lactase activity was inhibited only at 62.5 and 250 mg/kg. In total, 75 compounds were found in the infusion, including seven new ones, (7S,8S,7ꞌS,8ꞌR)-4,4ꞌ-dihydroxy-3,3ꞌ-dimethoxy-7,9ꞌ-epoxylignan-7ꞌ-ol; 4ꞌ-hydroxy-3ꞌ-methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxy-7,9ꞌ-epoxylignan-9,7ꞌ-diol; triangularisines A, B, and C; N-ethyl-N-methyl-affineine; and N-methyl pachyconfine, and one previously not described as a natural product, epi-secoisolariciresinol monomethyl ether. Conclusion: The results demonstrated the anti-hyperglycemic activity of the infusion from A. triangularis leaves and showed that it is a rich source of lignoids, alkaloids, and glycosylated flavonoids, which are known to exhibit antidiabetic effects and other biological properties that can be beneficial for patients with chronic hyperglycemia, thus certifying the popular use of this herbal drink. [Display omitted]
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0378-8741 1872-7573
DOI:	10.1016/j.jep.2022.115991