Two-Year Follow-up of Isolated Epileptiform Discharges in Autism: An Endophenotypic Biomarker?

A significant subset of autistic children exhibit abnormal isolated epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in the absence of clinical epilepsy. The etiological significance of such IEDs is under much debate. The aim is to study the relationship between IEDs with risk factors, clinical severity, behavioral p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Indian journal of psychological medicine Vol. 40; no. 3; pp. 219 - 224
Main Authors:	Veerappan, Vimal Doshi, Sweetha, B., Kavitha, H. R., Sivalingam, B., Nambi, Shanthi, Pauline, Leema
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	New Delhi, India SAGE Publications 01-05-2018 Sage Publications Ltd. (UK) Sage Publications, New Delhi India Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd SAGE Publishing
Subjects:	Autism Behavior behavioral problems Biomarkers Child & adolescent psychiatry Child psychology Children & youth Childrens health Cognition & reasoning Cognitive ability Electroencephalography endophenotype Epilepsy Hospitals Improvised explosive devices isolated epileptiform discharges Language Medical research Mental health Neurology Original Pediatrics Research centers Risk factors Seizures (Medicine) Sleep social functioning Studies epilepsy social functioning Autism electroencephalography isolated epileptiform discharges risk factors behavioral problems endophenotype
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Summary:	A significant subset of autistic children exhibit abnormal isolated epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in the absence of clinical epilepsy. The etiological significance of such IEDs is under much debate. The aim is to study the relationship between IEDs with risk factors, clinical severity, behavioral problems, and social-quotient and follow-up for the occurrence of new seizures. This study was a prospective double-blind comparative study of autistic children with and without IEDs. All autistic children attending Child Psychiatry Department of tertiary care postgraduate teaching hospital in April 2013 were included in the study. Electroencephalography, risk factors, and clinical severity were assessed. The same cohort of 72 children was followed for 2 years and reassessed. Independent sample -test, Chi-square test, Pearson correlation, and linear by linear association were the statistical methods used. Twenty-four (42%) of the followed up sample exhibited IEDs. 10.52% had converted to clinical seizures within the follow-up period. While there was no difference between risk factors and age at diagnosis between the IED and non-IED groups, there was a significant difference between disease severity, behavioral problems and social quotient between the groups. IED in a subgroup of autistic children point to more severe illness, severe behavioral problems, and severe social impairment over a 2-year follow-up period. Can IED be considered a neurobehavioral endophenotype in autism?
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0975-1564 0253-7176 0975-1564
DOI:	10.4103/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_555_17