Molecular typing of adenoviruses in pediatric respiratory infections in Buenos Aires, Argentina (1999–2010)

Abstract Background The human adenovirus (HAdV) types most commonly found in respiratory samples belong to HAdV species C (HAdV-C1, -C2, -C5, and -C6) and to HAdV species B (HAdV-B3 and -B7). Several studies in South America have shown the association between severe respiratory infections and subspe...

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Published in:	Journal of clinical virology Vol. 53; no. 2; pp. 145 - 150
Main Authors:	Barrero, P.R, Valinotto, L.E, Tittarelli, E, Mistchenko, A.S
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01-02-2012 Elsevier
Subjects:	Adenovirus Adenovirus Infections, Human - epidemiology Adenovirus Infections, Human - virology Adenoviruses, Human - classification Adenoviruses, Human - genetics Adenoviruses, Human - isolation & purification Adenoviruses, Human - physiology Allergy and Immunology Argentina - epidemiology Biological and medical sciences Cell Line Child, Preschool Coinfection - epidemiology Coinfection - virology Coinfections DNA, Viral - analysis Epidemiology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Human adenovirus Human adenoviruses Human viral diseases Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Infectious Disease Infectious diseases Medical sciences Microbiology Miscellaneous Molecular Typing Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods Respiratory Tract Infections - epidemiology Respiratory Tract Infections - virology Sequence Analysis, DNA Viral diseases Viral Load Virology South America Argentina America Human adenoviruses Coinfections IFA Quantitative PCRs Nasopharyngeal aspirates Acute lower respiratory tract infections qPCRs HAdV Immunofluorescent Assay ALRI Viral load NPA Virus Human Adenoviridae Mixed infection Respiratory disease Molecular epidemiology Genotype
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Summary:	Abstract Background The human adenovirus (HAdV) types most commonly found in respiratory samples belong to HAdV species C (HAdV-C1, -C2, -C5, and -C6) and to HAdV species B (HAdV-B3 and -B7). Several studies in South America have shown the association between severe respiratory infections and subspecies B1. Objectives The aim of this study was to identify the adenovirus types associated with acute lower respiratory tract infections in children, found as single or coinfections, throughout a 12-year period. Study design All samples that tested positive for adenovirus by immunofluorescence assay from January 1999 to December 2010 were typed by evaluating a set of four viral genes (E1A, VA, hexon and fiber). Quantitative PCRs for HAdV-B and HAdV-C species were performed to compare the viral load found in single infections and coinfections. Results From a total of 743 HAdV, 654 (88%) were single infections and 89 (12%) coinfections. From the 654 single HAdV infections, members of four species were present: species B ( n = 492, 75.23%), species C ( n = 138, 21.1%), species E ( n = 19, 2.91%), and species D ( n = 5, 0.76%). Only members of species B ( n = 109, 57.67%) and species C ( n = 80, 42.33%) were detected in coinfections. HAdV-B7 and HAdV-B3 were the most prevalent types ( n = 308, 36.54%; n = 230, 27.28% respectively) and HAdV-C1, -C2, -E4, -C5, -C6, -D8, -B11, -B14 and -B21 were also detected. Viral loads for species C viruses were higher in single infections than in coinfections ( p < 0.01), whereas the opposite was observed for species B viruses ( p < 0.0001). Conclusions This study provides a thorough description of adenovirus circulation and diversity in Buenos Aires in a 12-year period. The high proportion of coinfections found in this work shows that this phenomenom might be more common than expected.
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ISSN:	1386-6532 1873-5967
DOI:	10.1016/j.jcv.2011.11.001