Protein Metabolism Changes and Alterations in Behavior of Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 Knockout Mice Fed a High-Fructose Diet

Trace amines and their receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors widely distributed in the central nervous system and periphery. The trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) plays a significant role as a therapeutic target for schizophrenia, depression, diabetes, and obesity. In this st...

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Published in:	Neurology international Vol. 15; no. 1; pp. 339 - 351
Main Authors:	Apryatin, Sergey A, Zhukov, Ilya S, Zolotoverkhaya, Ekaterina A, Kuvarzin, Saveliy R, Khunagov, Temirkan A, Ushmugina, Sanelya V, Klimenko, Victor M
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 28-02-2023 MDPI
Subjects:	Antidepressants Anxiety Behavior Brain research depression Diet Dopamine G protein-coupled receptors Glucose Hematology high-fructose diet Kinases Mental disorders Metabolic disorders Metabolism Metabolites Pathogenesis Phosphorylation Proteins Schizophrenia Signal transduction TAAR1 trace amine-associated receptor 1 G protein-coupled receptors liver trace amine-associated receptor 1 depression high-fructose diet catabolism depression ratio TAAR1 dopamine energy metabolism AST/ALT ratio
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Summary:	Trace amines and their receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors widely distributed in the central nervous system and periphery. The trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) plays a significant role as a therapeutic target for schizophrenia, depression, diabetes, and obesity. In this study, TAAR1 knockout mice and WT groups were tested in conditions of a high-fructose diet. The consumption of a high-fructose diet may be due to the influence on the metabolism processes by dopamine in the brain, neuromotor function, and level of anxiety of TAAR1 knockout mice. During a comparative analysis of behavioral, biochemical, and morphological parameters, significant differences were found between liver and biochemical parameters, the regulation of protein metabolism (AST/ALT ratio, creatine kinase activity, urea), and alterations in behavior. An elevated plus maze analysis showed the influence of fructose and genetic factors on the level of anxiety. A new marker of the grooming microstructure (depression ratio) was tested, which showed high efficiency as a marker of depression-like behavioral changes and a possible association with dopamine-dependent regulation of protein metabolism. These results confirm a possible association of the gene knockout with an increase in catabolic reaction levels by AST/ALT-dependent and possible dopamine-mediated protein metabolism regulation and depression-like behavior.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2035-8385 2035-8377 2035-8377
DOI:	10.3390/neurolint15010022