MHP1 and MHL generate odd-chain fatty acids from 2-hydroxy fatty acids in sphingolipids and are related to immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana

In plants, the 2-hydroxy fatty acids (HFAs) of sphingolipids are important for plant growth and stress responses. Although the synthetic pathway of HFAs is well understood, their degradation has not yet been elucidated. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Mpo1 has been identified as a dioxygenase that degr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Plant science (Limerick) Vol. 336; p. 111840
Main Authors:	Ushio, Marina, Ishikawa, Toshiki, Matsuura, Takakazu, Mori, Izumi C., Kawai-Yamada, Maki, Fukao, Yoichiro, Nagano, Minoru
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier B.V 01-11-2023
Subjects:	2-hydroxy fatty acids Disease resistance Jasmonic acid Mpo1 Odd-chain fatty acids Sphingolipids 2-hydroxy fatty acids Mpo1 Disease resistance Odd-chain fatty acids Sphingolipids Jasmonic acid
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Summary:	In plants, the 2-hydroxy fatty acids (HFAs) of sphingolipids are important for plant growth and stress responses. Although the synthetic pathway of HFAs is well understood, their degradation has not yet been elucidated. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Mpo1 has been identified as a dioxygenase that degrades HFAs. This study examined the functions of two homologs of yeast Mpo1, MHP1 and MHL, in Arabidopsis thaliana. The mhp1 and mhp1mhl mutants showed a dwarf phenotype compared to that of the wild type. Lipid analysis of the mutants revealed the involvement of MHP1 and MHL in synthesizing odd-chain fatty acids (OCFAs), possibly by the degradation of HFAs. OCFAs are present in trace amounts in plants; however, their physiological significance is largely unknown. RNA sequence analysis of the mhp1mhl mutant revealed that growth-related genes decreased, whereas genes involved in stress response increased. Additionally, the mhp1mhl mutant had increased expression of defense-related genes and increased resistance to infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pto), and Pto carrying the effector AvrRpt2. Phytohormone analysis demonstrated that jasmonic acid in mhp1mhl was higher than that in the wild type. These results indicate that MHP1 and MHL are involved in synthesizing OCFAs and immunity in Arabidopsis. •MHP1 and MHL synthesize OCFAs, possibly from HFAs in sphingolipids.•MHP1 and MHL are involved in plant growth and stress responses.•OCFAs produced by MHP1 and MHL are related to plant immunity via the JA pathway.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0168-9452 1873-2259
DOI:	10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111840