Anti-hyperlipidemic effects of Campomanesia xanthocarpa aqueous extract and its modulation on oxidative stress and genomic instability in Wistar rats

The use of natural products from herbs may be a therapeutic option in dyslipidemia treatment. Campomanesia xanthocarpa (Mart.) O. Berg (Myrtaceae) leaves have been used to decrease cholesterol levels. However, studies to determine activities of this plant on triglycerides metabolism have received li...

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Published in:	Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A Vol. 82; no. 18; pp. 1009 - 1018
Main Authors:	De Sousa, Joubert Aires, De Sousa, Jayne Torres, Boaretto, Fernanda Brião Menezes, Salvi, Jeferson De Oliveira, Fachini, Jean, Da Silva, Juliana Bondan, Unfer, Julia Pereira, Allgayer, Mariangela C, Lemes, Maria Luísa Brodt, Marroni, Norma Possa, Ferraz, Alexandre De Barros Falcão, Picada, Jaqueline Nascimento
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Taylor & Francis 17-09-2019 Taylor & Francis Ltd
Subjects:	Abbreviations Alkaline phosphatase Animals Aspartate aminotransferase Atorvastatin Bone marrow Buffer solutions Catalase Cholesterol Comet assay Damage Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA damage DNA Damage - drug effects Dyslipidemia Erythrocytes Genomic instability Glutathione Glutathione transferase High density lipoprotein Hyperlipidemia Hyperlipidemias - drug therapy Hypolipidemic Agents - therapeutic use Kidneys Leaves Metabolic disorders Metabolism micronucleus test Myrtaceae Myrtaceae - chemistry Natural products Oxidative stress Oxidative Stress - drug effects Parameters Plant extracts Plant Extracts - therapeutic use Plant Extracts - toxicity Plant Leaves - chemistry Rats Rats, Wistar Reactive oxygen species Rodents Stability analysis Superoxide dismutase Thiobarbituric acid Triglycerides tyloxapol Variance analysis Myrtaceae micronucleus test tyloxapol dyslipidemia Comet assay
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Summary:	The use of natural products from herbs may be a therapeutic option in dyslipidemia treatment. Campomanesia xanthocarpa (Mart.) O. Berg (Myrtaceae) leaves have been used to decrease cholesterol levels. However, studies to determine activities of this plant on triglycerides metabolism have received little attention. The aim of this study was to examine anti-hyperlipidemic effects of a C. xanthocarpa aqueous leaf extract (CxAE) and assess protective actions against oxidative stress and DNA damage. The tyloxapol-induced hyperlipidemia model was used in Wistar rats. Rats were treated orally with CxAE either 250 or 500 mg/kg/day for 7 days prior to tyloxapol administration. Biochemical parameters, oxidative stress levels, and genomic instability were assessed in several tissues. CxAE decreased cholesterol and triglyceride levels in serum and hepatic and renal DNA damage in tyloxapol-treated rats. There was no marked effect on the micronucleus frequency in bone marrow. The extract increased catalase activity and decreased glutathione S-transferase activity in kidney tissue. CxAE showed anti-hyperlipidemic effects, improved oxidative parameters, and protected DNA against damage induced by tyloxapol-induced hyperlipidemia, suggesting C. xanthocarpa leaves may be useful in preventing dyslipidemias. Abbreviations: ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; ALT: Aspartate aminotransferase; ANOVA: Analysis of variance; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; Ator: Atorvastatin; CAT: Catalase; Chol: Cholesterol; CxAE: Campomanesia xanthocarpa aqueous extract; GST: Glutathione S-transferase; HDL: High density cholesterol; i.p.: Intraperitoneal; NCE: Normochromatic erythrocyte; PBS: Phosphate buffer solution; PCE: Polychromatic erythrocyte; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; SD: Standard deviation; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; T: Tyloxapol; TBARS: Thiobarbituric acid reacting substances; TG: Triglyceride
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1528-7394 1087-2620 2381-3504
DOI:	10.1080/15287394.2019.1683925