CARDIORESPIRATORY EFFECTS OF HIGH TEMPERATURE ELECTRONIC CIGARETTES VAPING
OBJECTIVE:The new generation of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) deliver high energy to heat the carriers allowing vaporization process, mainly composed of propylene glycol (PG) and glycerol (GLY). At high temperature, PG and GLY undergo combustion instead of vaporization, and produce volatile c...
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| Published in: | Journal of hypertension Vol. 36 Suppl 1 - ESH 2018 Abstract Book; no. Supplement 1; p. e117 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved
01-06-2018
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| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Summary: | OBJECTIVE:The new generation of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) deliver high energy to heat the carriers allowing vaporization process, mainly composed of propylene glycol (PG) and glycerol (GLY). At high temperature, PG and GLY undergo combustion instead of vaporization, and produce volatile carbonyls, which are strong cardiovascular toxicants.The primary study outcome was the impact of vaping on skin microcirculatory blood flow as assessed by transcutaneous gas tensions and endothelial -dependent vs. -independent microcirculatory skin vasoreactivity. Secondary outcomes included continuous hemodynamic parameters, as well as biomarkers of acute lung injury (club cell protein 16 (CC16)) and oxidative stress. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT03036644)
DESIGN AND METHOD:Twenty-three young tobacco smokers were exposed to 25 puffs of a PG/GLY mix (50:50) vaporized at 60 watts, or sham-vaping, in a randomized placebo-controlled single-blind crossover design.
RESULTS:E-cigarettes vaping decreased transcutaneous oxygen tension during 60 minutes with the nadir reached at 30 minutes after exposure (mean ± SEM) (mmHg, 84 ± 2 to 70 ± 4; p < 0.001; Figure 1.A). Vaping increased heart rate (bpm, 59 ± 2 to 69 ± 3 (p < 0.001; Figure 1.B)) as well as systolic (mm Hg, 109 ± 2 to 120 ± 4 (p = 0.003; Figure 1.C)) and diastolic (mm Hg, 67 ± 1 to 75 ± 2 (p < 0.001; Figure 1.D)) blood pressure during the vaporization. In contrast, vaping did not impair skin microvascular function, assessed by local heating (p > 0.2) and iontophoresis of acetylcholine (p > 0.1; Figure 1.E) and sodium nitroprusside (p > 0.8; Figure 1.F). E-cigarettes increased CC16 in the serum (median [IQR]) (μg.L-1, 4.6 [3.6–6.75] to 5.65 [4.5–7.4]; p = 0.003) and in the urine (ng.mg-1, 7.875 [2–73.8] to 10.42 [3.2–56.9]; p = 0.032), induced small airways bronchoconstriction, as reflected by the rise of forced expiratory flow-25% (L.s-1, 2.5 [1.7–2.6] to 2 [1.4–2.4]; p = 0.001) and forced mid-expiratory flow rate (L.s-1, 4.2 [3.5–5.4] to 3.7 [3.1–4.9]; p = 0.001) but did not modify plasma myeloperoxidase (p > 0.6) and its oxidation protein products (p > 0.8), and superoxide anion production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (p > 0.1).(Figure is included in full-text article.)
CONCLUSIONS:Intense nicotine free e-cigarettes vaping decreases transcutaneous oxygenation, increases lung injury markers and small airways resistances but does not exert deleterious effects on microvascular endothelial function and oxidative stress. |
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| ISSN: | 0263-6352 1473-5598 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/01.hjh.0000539306.16916.5f |