The Prevalence and Pattern of Thyroid Dysfunction in HAART-Naïve HIV Patients in Enugu, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study

The Prevalence and Pattern of Thyroid Dysfunction in HAART-Naïve HIV Patients in Enugu, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study

HIV/AIDS is a multi-system disease that has been associated with several endocrinopathies including thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid dysfunction in patients with HIV/AIDS, among other factors, may arise from the direct cytopathic effects of HIV on the thyroid gland in addition to the adverse effects of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:West African journal of medicine Vol. 38; no. 12; p. 1200
Main Authors: Ugwueze, C V, Young, E E, Unachukwu, C N, Onyenekwe, B M, Nwatu, C B, Okafor, C I, Ezeude, C M, Ezeokpo, B C
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Nigeria 30-12-2021
Subjects:
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active - adverse effects
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV Infections - epidemiology
Humans
Male
Nigeria - epidemiology
Prevalence
Thyroid Gland
Nigeria
Pattern
Thyroid dysfunction
HIV patients
HAART-naïve
Prevalence
Nigeria
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Summary:HIV/AIDS is a multi-system disease that has been associated with several endocrinopathies including thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid dysfunction in patients with HIV/AIDS, among other factors, may arise from the direct cytopathic effects of HIV on the thyroid gland in addition to the adverse effects of highly active anti-retroviral drugs (HAART). The study aimed to determine the prevalence and pattern of thyroid dysfunction in HAART naïve HIV patients in Enugu. Study was cross sectional, casecontrol based, involving 250 HAART naïve HIV sero-positive patients and 250 HIV sero-negative subjects. Anthropometric measurements and physical examination were done. Assay for fT3, fT4, TSH (for thyroid function) was done using the Enzyme Linked Immunoassay (ELISA) method. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. The HAART naïve sero-positive cohorts comprised 112 males and 138 females while the control subjects consisted of 125 males and 125 females. Mean ages (years) of test and control groups were 38.84± 10.60 and 39.58 ±11.68 respectively. Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among the study subjects was 36.4% and 7.6% in the controls. Subclinical hypothyroidism was the most common prevalent type of thyroid dysfunction in both test and control groups at 17.6% and 7.2% respectively. In the test group, sick euthyroid syndrome (17.2%) ranked second while in the controls, primary hypothyroidism (7.2%) was the second commonest dysfunction. Thyroid dysfunction was more common in HAART-naïve HIV sero-positive subjects than in the general population with subclinical hypothyroidism emerging as the commonest abnormality.
ISSN:0189-160X