Effect of oral administration of aqueous whole extract of cassytha filiformis on haematograms and plasma biochemical parameters in rats

We evaluated the sub-chronic toxicity of the aqueous herbal extract prepared from Cassytha filiformis and administered daily for 28 days at dose levels (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg bw) in male wistar albino rats. The LD50 of the aqueous extract was determined. The effects on body weights, organ weights...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of medical toxicology Vol. 3; no. 4; pp. 146 - 151
Main Authors:	Babayi, Hausatu M, Udeme, Joseph J I, Abalaka, Joseph A, Okogun, Joseph I, Salawu, O A, Akumka, David D, Adamu, Zarma, Sunday S, Adzu, Bulus B, Abdulmumuni, Sabo S, Ibrahime, Kolo, Elisha, Baba B, Zakariys, Samuel S, Inyang, Uford S
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States University of Pennsylvania Press 01-12-2007 Springer Nature B.V Springer-Verlag
Subjects:	Alkaline phosphatase Alkaline Phosphatase - blood Animals Bilirubin Biochemistry Blood Blood Cells - drug effects Blood Cells - pathology Body weight Body weight gain Chronic toxicity Clinical Chemistry Tests Creatinine Diabetes Drug dosages Electrolytes Eosinophils Evaluation Hematology Hemoglobin Herbal medicine Kidneys Laboratory animals Lauraceae - chemistry Leukocyte Count Leukocytes (basophilic) Leukocytes (eosinophilic) Leukocytes (neutrophilic) Male Materia medica, Vegetable Medicine, African Traditional Methods Mice Monocytes Oral administration Organs Parameters Phosphatase Plant Components, Aerial Plant extracts Plant Extracts - toxicity Plants, Medicinal - chemistry Plasma Platelets Potash Properties Pyruvic acid Rats Rats, Wistar Toxicity Toxicity Tests Toxicology Toxicology Investigations Transaminase Nigeria
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Summary:	We evaluated the sub-chronic toxicity of the aqueous herbal extract prepared from Cassytha filiformis and administered daily for 28 days at dose levels (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg bw) in male wistar albino rats. The LD50 of the aqueous extract was determined. The effects on body weights, organ weights, and certain haematological and plasma biochemical parameters were measured as indices of organ toxicity. The aqueous extract did not affect plasma glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT); however, a significant reduction in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level occurred in all the treated groups. It also did not affect the electrolytes (Na , Cl and K ), total and direct bilirubin, creatinine, and glucose level. The aqueous extract elicited hypercholesterolaemic effects, but it did not affect the Hb, WBC, RBC, PVC, platelets, MCH, MCHC, MCV levels and differential counts (lympocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils). It also reduced the body weight gain and absolute weight of the kidneys. The relative weights of the heart and lungs in some animal groups were equally reduced. The acute toxicological evaluation of the plant extract revealed an oral LD50 value greater than 500 mg/kg bw. This study suggests that aqueous extract of C. filiformis administered at normal therapeutic doses is not likely to produce severe toxic effects on some organs or haematological and biochemical indices in rats.
ISSN:	1556-9039 1937-6995
DOI:	10.1007/BF03160930