Incongruent gene trees, complex evolutionary processes, and the phylogeny of a group of North American minnows ( Hybognathus Agassiz 1855)

Hybognathus is a putatively monophyletic group of North American minnows containing seven extant species. Although much is known about the taxonomy, biology, and life history of Hybognathus species, their phylogenetic relations with each other remain unclear. We address this problem with partial seq...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Molecular phylogenetics and evolution Vol. 50; no. 3; pp. 514 - 525
Main Authors:	Moyer, G.R., Remington, R.K., Turner, T.F.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Elsevier Inc 01-03-2009
Subjects:	Animals Cell Nucleus - genetics Cyprinidae - classification Cyprinidae - genetics Data combinability DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics Empirical Bayes Evolution, Molecular Genetics, Population Growth hormone intron Historical hybridization Introns Likelihood Functions Mitochondrial DNA North America Phylogenetic conflict Phylogeny S7 ribosomal protein gene Sequence Analysis, DNA North America Empirical Bayes Data combinability Phylogenetic conflict Mitochondrial DNA Growth hormone intron Historical hybridization S7 ribosomal protein gene
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Summary:	Hybognathus is a putatively monophyletic group of North American minnows containing seven extant species. Although much is known about the taxonomy, biology, and life history of Hybognathus species, their phylogenetic relations with each other remain unclear. We address this problem with partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome- b, 16S rRNA, and ND4 mtDNA genes and nuclear growth hormone ( GH) and S7 introns from representatives of all Hybognathus species and four outgroup taxa. Phylogenetic analyses of these data corroborated previous studies on the monophyly of seven recognized species of Hybognathus, and indicated weak support for monophyly of the genus. Topological tests, however, revealed significant (all P < 0.001) conflict among molecular data sets. Ad hoc removal of taxa from topologies and subsequent testing indicated that incongruence was localized to two specific ingroup taxa ( H. hayi and H. regius) and suggested that the conflict is a function of underlying processes that have generated the observed phylogenetic patterns. Hybridization (ancestral), which is commonplace in cyprinids, may best explain topological disagreements among datasets; however, retention of ancestral polymorphism and natural selection remain as alternative hypotheses. Our results highlight methodological and topological problems associated with estimating interspecific phylogenies from multiple genes.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1055-7903 1095-9513
DOI:	10.1016/j.ympev.2008.11.002