The Effectiveness of Vermiculture in Human Pathogen Reduction for USEPA Biosolids Stabilization

The Effectiveness of Vermiculture in Human Pathogen Reduction for USEPA Biosolids Stabilization

A field experiment tested the feasibility of vermicomposting as a method for eliminating human pathogens to obtain United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Class A stabilization in domestic wastewater residuals (biosolids). The experimental site was at the City of Ocoee's Wastewate...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Compost science & utilization Vol. 9; no. 1; pp. 38 - 49
Main Authors: Eastman, Bruce R., Kane, Philip N., Edwards, Clive A., Trytek, Linda, Gunadi, Bintoro, Stermer, Andrea L., Mobley, Jacquelyn R.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Emmaus,PA Taylor & Francis 2001
JG Press
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Biological treatment of sewage sludges and wastes
Biotechnology
Environment and pollution
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects
USA, Environmental Protection Agency
vermiculture
Florida
United States
North America
America
Human
Salmonella
Vermicomposting
Waste treatment
Stabilization
Coliforms
Sewage sludge
Annelida
Oligochaeta
Earthworm
Domestic waste water
Composting
Pathogenic
Bacteria
Eisenia fetida
Biological treatment
Invertebrata
Waste water purification
Biological contamination
Public health
Enterobacteriaceae
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Summary:A field experiment tested the feasibility of vermicomposting as a method for eliminating human pathogens to obtain United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Class A stabilization in domestic wastewater residuals (biosolids). The experimental site was at the City of Ocoee's Wastewater Treatment Facility in Ocoee, Florida, and Class B biosolids were used as the earthworm substrate. Two windrows of biosolids 6 m long were heavily inoculated with four human-pathogen indicators, fecal coliforms, Salmonella spp., enteric viruses and helminth ova. The test row was seeded with earthworms, Eisenia fetida. The quantity of E. fetida was calculated at a 1:1.5 wet weight earthworm biomass to biosolids ratio and the earthworms allowed time to consume the biosolids and stabilize the biosolids. The test indicated that all of the pathogen indicators in the test row were decreased more than in the control row within 144 hours. The test row samples showed a 6.4-log reduction in fecal coliforms compared with the control row, which only had a 1.6-log reduction. The test row samples showed an 8.6-log reduction in Salmonella spp., while the control row had a 4.9-log reduction. The test row samples showed a 4.6-log reduction in enteric viruses while the control only had a 1.8-log reduction. The test row samples had a 1.9-log reduction in helminth ova while the control row only had a 0.6-log reduction. Dr. Jim Smith, Senior Environmental Engineer and Pathogen Equivalency Commission (PEC) Chair, for the USEPA, indicated by personal communications, that a three- to four-fold reduction in indicator organisms would be sufficient to warrant serious consideration of vermicomposting as an effective stabilization methodology (Smith 1997). These results in conjunction with pilot project results strongly indicate that vermicomposting could be used as an alternative method for Class A biosolids stabilization. This was obtained statistically by vermicomposting.
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ISSN:1065-657X
2326-2397
DOI:10.1080/1065657X.2001.10702015