Chemical Composition, Anthelmintic Activity, and Mechanism of Action of Lippia dominguensis Mold. Essential Oil on Haemonchus contortus

Gastrointestinal nematode parasitism is a major burden to small ruminant production globally, compounded by increasing anthelmintic resistance. Previous studies have identified essential oils (EOs) from the Lippia genus with antiprotozoal and anthelmintic effects. Lippia dominguensis Moldenke (Ld),...

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Published in:	Chemistry & biodiversity Vol. 20; no. 7; pp. e202300135 - n/a
Main Authors:	Espino Ureña, Marcos J., Katchborian‐Neto, Albert, Trinidad, Alexander Benítez, Ramírez Ramírez, Maritza, Vásquez Tineo, Manuel, Vilemar de Araújo‐Filho, José, Ribeiro, Wesley Lyeverton Correia, Souza Collares Maia Castelo‐Branco, Débora, Oliveira, Lorena Mayana Beserra, Bevilaqua, Claudia Maria Leal, Chagas‐Paula, Daniela Aparecida, Viegas, Claudio, Marques, Marcos José
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-07-2023
Subjects:	adult worm motility test Animals Anthelmintic agents Anthelmintics - pharmacology Antiparasitic agents Biocompatibility Cell membranes Chemical activity Chemical composition Cineole egg hatch test Eggs endemic plant Essential oils Haemonchus Haemonchus contortus In vivo methods and tests Larva Laser microscopy Linalool Lippia Livestock farming Mice Microscopy Motility Oils, Volatile - pharmacology Parasitism Plant Extracts - pharmacology Scanning electron microscopy small ruminants Terpineol Toxicity ultrastructural changes Worms Dominican Republic small ruminants adult worm motility test egg hatch test endemic plant ultrastructural changes
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Summary:	Gastrointestinal nematode parasitism is a major burden to small ruminant production globally, compounded by increasing anthelmintic resistance. Previous studies have identified essential oils (EOs) from the Lippia genus with antiprotozoal and anthelmintic effects. Lippia dominguensis Moldenke (Ld), an endemic specie from the Dominican Republic, has similar popular uses, however, is chemically and pharmacologically yet uncharacterized. Here, we investigated the in vitro anthelmintic activity of LdEO and its ultrastructural effects on eggs and adult nematodes of Haemonchus contortus multidrug‐resistant isolated. The GC/MS analysis showed linalool (33.85 %), 1,8‐cineole (30.88 %), and δ‐terpineol (10.61 %) as the main EO constituents. The LdEO showed an IC50=0.523 mg/mL in the egg hatch test, and the motility in the adult worm motility test was 95.8 % at 1 mg/mL. The confocal scanning laser microscopy of eggs indicated permeabilization or disruption of egg cell membranes as the possible mechanism of action of LdEO. The scanning electron microscopy of adult worms showed wrinkling, undulations, and cuticular disruptions. The LdEO displayed significant in vitro anthelmintic activity on eggs and adult worms of H. contortus. Additionally, the LdEO showed low oral toxicity in mice at 2,000 mg/kg. Thus, additional in vivo studies are justified to determine its anthelmintic efficacy in small ruminants.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1612-1872 1612-1880
DOI:	10.1002/cbdv.202300135