Complex neural tube and skeletal malformations, resembling Chiari malformations, in two calves

Two 1-day-old full-term female calves from different farms located in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul were unable to stand due to paresis of the pelvic limbs. Both calves had spina bifida on the spinal lumbar segment and were submitted to euthanasia due to poor prognosis. Postmortem examina...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Veterinary research communications Vol. 48; no. 4; pp. 2611 - 2619
Main Authors:	dos Santos, Igor Ribeiro, Brunner, Carolina Buss, de Moraes, José Tiago Roza, Paz, Milena Carolina, Lamego, Éryca Ceolin, Henker, Luan Cleber, Alves, Raquel Silva, da Fontoura Budaszewski, Renata, Tres, Gabrielle Zanettini, Gomes, Rafael Marques, Freitas, Ricardo Schmitt, Canal, Cláudio Wageck, Pavarini, Saulo Petinatti
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01-08-2024 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Animals Animals, Newborn Arnold-Chiari Malformation - veterinary Arthrogryposis Atrophy Biomedical and Life Sciences Brain stem Brazil Case Report Cattle Cattle Diseases - congenital Cattle Diseases - diagnosis Cattle Diseases - pathology Cerebellum Cranial nerves Female Kyphosis Life Sciences Myelodysplastic syndrome Myelodysplastic syndromes Nervous system Neural tube Neural tube defects Neural Tube Defects - diagnosis Neural Tube Defects - pathology Neural Tube Defects - veterinary Paresis Reverse transcription Spina bifida Spinal cord Vertebrae Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science Zoology Brazil Chiari-malformation Arnold-Chiari malformation Bovine Nervous system malformation Neural tube defect
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Summary:	Two 1-day-old full-term female calves from different farms located in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul were unable to stand due to paresis of the pelvic limbs. Both calves had spina bifida on the spinal lumbar segment and were submitted to euthanasia due to poor prognosis. Postmortem examination revealed cerebellar herniation, caudal displacement of the brainstem, rostral deviation of the cranial nerves, caudal extension of occipital lobes, absence of dorsal lamina of lumbar vertebrae with exposed spinal cord, myelodysplasia, kyphosis, segmental spinal agenesis, renal fusion, muscular atrophy, and arthrogryposis. Histology highlighted myelodysplasia (syringomyelia and diplomyelia) and muscular atrophy. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions for ruminant pestivirus were negative. Based on these lesions, the diagnosis of complex neural tube and skeletal malformations was made. A review of previous publications on calves diagnosed with these malformations, originally called Chiari or Arnold-Chiari malformations, revealed a wide range of nervous system and skeletal lesions. These variations amplified the uncertainty regarding whether all cases represent the same disorder and reinforced the importance of reconfiguring the terminology.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Report-3 ObjectType-Case Study-4
ISSN:	0165-7380 1573-7446 1573-7446
DOI:	10.1007/s11259-024-10437-6