Ceramide Phosphoethanolamine as a Possible Marker of Periodontal Disease

Ceramide Phosphoethanolamine as a Possible Marker of Periodontal Disease

Periodontal disease is a chronic oral inflammatory disorder initiated by pathobiontic bacteria found in dental plaques—complex biofilms on the tooth surface. The disease begins as an acute local inflammation of the gingival tissue (gingivitis) and can progress to periodontitis, which eventually lead...

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Published in:Membranes (Basel) Vol. 12; no. 7; p. 655
Main Authors: Grundner, Maja, Munjaković, Haris, Tori, Tilen, Sepčić, Kristina, Gašperšič, Rok, Oblak, Čedomir, Seme, Katja, Guella, Graziano, Trenti, Francesco, Skočaj, Matej
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel MDPI AG 25-06-2022
MDPI
Subjects:
aegerolysin
Bacteria
Biofilms
biomarker
Biomarkers
Ceramide
ceramide phosphoethanolamine
Cytotoxicity
Dental plaque
E coli
erylysin A
Gingivitis
Gum disease
Inflammation
Inflammatory diseases
Lipids
Membranes
Microbiota
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Oral hygiene
Pathogens
Periodontal disease
Periodontal diseases
Periodontitis
Porphyromonas gingivalis
Proteins
Species
Sphingolipids
Teeth
Vertebrates
United States > US
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Summary:Periodontal disease is a chronic oral inflammatory disorder initiated by pathobiontic bacteria found in dental plaques—complex biofilms on the tooth surface. The disease begins as an acute local inflammation of the gingival tissue (gingivitis) and can progress to periodontitis, which eventually leads to the formation of periodontal pockets and ultimately results in tooth loss. The main problem in periodontology is that the diagnosis is based on the assessment of the already obvious tissue damage. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the current diagnostics used to assess periodontal disease. Using lipidomic analyses, we show that both crucial periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia, synthesize ceramide phosphoethanolamine (CPE) species, membrane sphingolipids not typically found in vertebrates. Previously, it was shown that this particular lipid can be specifically detected by an aegerolysin protein, erylysin A (EryA). Here, we show that EryA can specifically bind to CPE species from the total lipid extract from P. gingivalis. Furthermore, using a fluorescently labelled EryA-mCherry, we were able to detect CPE species in clinical samples of dental plaque from periodontal patients. These results demonstrate the potential of specific periodontal pathogen-derived lipids as biomarkers for periodontal disease and other chronic inflammatory diseases.
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ISSN:2077-0375
2077-0375
DOI:10.3390/membranes12070655