Effects of functional oils on the growth, carcass and meat characteristics, and intestinal morphology of commercial turkey toms

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of functional oils containing cashew nutshell and castor oil on turkey performance and intestinal morphology. In experiment 1, 585 hatchlings were randomly placed in 15 replicate floor pens, (13 poults/pen) with recycled litter and provided feed...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Poultry science Vol. 99; no. 7; pp. 3752 - 3760
Main Authors:	Ferket, P.R., Malheiros, R.D., Moraes, V.M.B., Ayoola, A.A., Barasch, I., Toomer, O.T., Torrent, J.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Elsevier Inc 01-07-2020 Elsevier
Subjects:	Animal Feed - analysis Animals antioxidant Diet - veterinary Dietary Fats, Unsaturated - administration & dosage functional oil growth performance growth promoter Intestines - anatomy & histology Intestines - drug effects Male Meat - analysis Processing and Products turkey Turkeys - anatomy & histology Turkeys - growth & development Turkeys - physiology growth performance functional oil antioxidant turkey growth promoter
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Summary:	Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of functional oils containing cashew nutshell and castor oil on turkey performance and intestinal morphology. In experiment 1, 585 hatchlings were randomly placed in 15 replicate floor pens, (13 poults/pen) with recycled litter and provided feed and water ad libitum. Birds were randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments from 1 to 12 wk: nonmedicated control, 0.15% functional oils, and 66-ppm monensin. From wk 13 to 20, each initial treatment group was further divided into 3 treatments—control (no additive), 0.15% of functional oils, or 20 ppm of virginiamycin to produce 9 different treatments, 5 replicate pens per treatment. Data on feed weights were collected weekly, and body weight bi-weekly. At termination (20 wk), birds were euthanized, and their meat was processed to determine mass of carcass sections and meat quality, while intestinal samples were collected for histology. In experiment 1, toms fed monensin or functional oils were 10.5 and 4.5% heavier (P < 0.05), respectively, than the controls at 12 wk. Birds fed monensin had a 4% improvement (P < 0.05) in feed conversion as compared to the other treatments. Neither virginiamycin nor the functional oils affected bird performance when fed from 13 to 20 wk. The jejunum villi surface area at 3 wk was most enhanced (P < 0.05) for the poults fed monensin. Supplementation with functional oils significantly reduced leg yield and thiobarbituric-acid reactive substances of white meat after 7 D of storage (P < 0.05). There were no effects on performance or carcass characteristics in experiment 2. While additional confirmatory studies are needed, functional oils in the diet of turkey toms may be a viable alternative to antibiotic growth promotants.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0032-5791 1525-3171
DOI:	10.1016/j.psj.2020.03.050