Effects of solvent extracted organic matter from outdoor air pollution on human type II pneumocytes: Molecular and proteomic analysis

Outdoor air pollution is responsible for the exacerbation of respiratory diseases in humans. Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) is one of the main components of outdoor air pollution, and solvent extracted organic matter (SEOM) is adsorbed to the main PM2.5 core. Some of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Environmental pollution (1987) Vol. 337; p. 122551
Main Authors:	Déciga-Alcaraz, Alejandro, Tlazolteotl Gómez de León, Carmen, Morales Montor, Jorge, Poblano-Bata, Josefina, Martínez-Domínguez, Yadira Margarita, Palacios-Arreola, M. Isabel, Amador-Muñoz, Omar, Rodríguez-Ibarra, Carolina, Vázquez-Zapién, Gustavo J., Mata-Miranda, Mónica M., Sánchez-Pérez, Yesennia, Chirino, Yolanda I.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier Ltd 15-11-2023
Subjects:	ATR-FTIR spectroscopic, Proteomics Human type II pneumocytes Particulate matter Pulmonary surfactant Solvent extracted organic matter Pulmonary surfactant ATR-FTIR spectroscopic, Proteomics Solvent extracted organic matter Particulate matter Human type II pneumocytes
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Summary:	Outdoor air pollution is responsible for the exacerbation of respiratory diseases in humans. Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) is one of the main components of outdoor air pollution, and solvent extracted organic matter (SEOM) is adsorbed to the main PM2.5 core. Some of the biological effects of black carbon and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are components of PM2.5, are known, but the response of respiratory cell lineages to SEOM exposure has not been described until now. The aim of this study was to obtain SEOM from PM2.5 and analyze the molecular and proteomic effects on human type II pneumocytes. PM2.5 was collected from Mexico City in the wildfire season and the SEOM was characterized to be exposed on human type II pneumocytes. The effects were compared with benzo [a] pyrene (B[a]P) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The results showed that SEOM induced a decrease in surfactant and deregulation in the molecular protein and lipid pattern analyzed by reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy on human type II pneumocytes after 24 h. The molecular alterations induced by SEOM were not shared by those induced by B[a]P nor H2O2, which highlights specific SEOM effects. In addition, proteomic patterns by quantitative MS analysis revealed a downregulation of 171 proteins and upregulation of 134 proteins analyzed in the STRING database. The deregulation was associated with positive regulation of apoptotic clearance, removal of superoxide radicals, and positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion processes, while ATP metabolism, nucleotide process, and cellular metabolism were also affected. Through this study, we conclude that SEOM extracted from PM2.5 exerts alterations in molecular patterns of protein and lipids, surfactant expression, and deregulation of metabolic pathways of type II pneumocytes after 24 h of exposure in absence of cytotoxicity, which warns about apparent SEOM silent effects. [Display omitted] •Cells acquire invasive phenotype with exposure to solvent extracted organic matter (SEOM).•SEOM exposure does not produce oxidative DNA damage.•SEOM affected SP-A expression and DPPC production.•Proteins of apoptotic pathways are upregulated by SEOM exposure.•Proteins of metabolic pathways are downregulated by SEOM exposure.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0269-7491 1873-6424
DOI:	10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122551