Detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans DNA in the Environment, Ivory Coast

Ivory Coast is a West African country with the highest reported cases of Buruli ulcer, a disabling subcutaneous infection due to Mycobacterium ulcerans. However, the prevalence of environmental M. ulcerans is poorly known in this country. We collected 496 environmental specimens consisting of soil (...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	PloS one Vol. 11; no. 3; p. e0151567
Main Authors:	Tian, Roger Bi Diangoné, Niamké, Sébastian, Tissot-Dupont, Hervé, Drancourt, Michel
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Public Library of Science 16-03-2016 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:	Animals Biology and Life Sciences Buruli ulcer Calibration Care and treatment Causes of Coastal environments Cote d'Ivoire CYTB gene Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA, Bacterial - analysis Earth Sciences Epidemiology Feces Feces - microbiology Genetic aspects Genomes Human health and pathology Infection Infectious diseases Laboratories Life Sciences Mammals Medicine and Health Sciences Mycobacteria Mycobacterium ulcerans Mycobacterium ulcerans - genetics Mycobacterium ulcerans - isolation & purification Pathogens People and places Polymerase chain reaction Rainy season Real time Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Research and Analysis Methods Soil Microbiology Soil water Stagnant water Thryonomys swinderianus Ulcers Cote d'Ivoire Côte d'Ivoire Benin Ivory Coast France Germany Polymerase chain reaction Mycobacterium ulcerans DNA extraction Buruli ulcer Surface water Geographic areas Côte d'Ivoire Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Description
Summary:	Ivory Coast is a West African country with the highest reported cases of Buruli ulcer, a disabling subcutaneous infection due to Mycobacterium ulcerans. However, the prevalence of environmental M. ulcerans is poorly known in this country. We collected 496 environmental specimens consisting of soil (n = 100), stagnant water (n = 200), plants (n = 100) and animal feces (n = 96) in Ivory Coast over five months in the dry and wet seasons in regions which are free of Buruli ulcer (control group A; 250 specimens) and in regions where the Buruli ulcer is endemic (group B; 246 specimens). After appropriate total DNA extraction incorporating an internal control, the M. ulcerans IS2404 and KR-B gene were amplified by real-time PCR in samples. In parallel, a calibration curve was done for M. ulcerans Agy99 IS2404 and KR-B gene. Of 460 samples free of PCR inhibition, a positive real-time PCR detection of insertion sequence IS2404 and KR-B gene was observed in 1/230 specimens in control group A versus 9/230 specimens in group B (P = 0.02; Fisher exact test). Positive specimens comprised seven stagnant water specimens, two feces specimens confirmed to be of Thryonomys swinderianus (agouti) origin by real-time PCR of the cytb gene; and one soil specimen. Extrapolation from the calibration curves indicated low inoculums ranging from 1 to 102 mycobacteria/mL. This study confirms the presence of M. ulcerans in the watery environment surrounding patients with Buruli ulcer in Ivory Coast. It suggests that the agouti, which is in close contacts with populations, could play a role in the environmental cycle of M. ulcerans, as previously suggested for the closely related possums in Australia.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 PMCID: PMC4794205 Conceived and designed the experiments: SN MD. Performed the experiments: RBDT. Analyzed the data: RBDT SN MD HTD. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SN. Wrote the paper: RBDT SN MD HTD. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:	1932-6203 1932-6203
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0151567