Ancient genomes from Iceland reveal the making of a human population

Opportunities to directly study the founding of a human population and its subsequent evolutionary history are rare. Using genome sequence data from 27 ancient Icelanders, we demonstrate that they are a combination of Norse, Gaelic, and admixed individuals. We further show that these ancient Iceland...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 360; no. 6392; pp. 1028 - 1032
Main Authors:	Ebenesersdóttir, S Sunna, Sandoval-Velasco, Marcela, Gunnarsdóttir, Ellen D, Jagadeesan, Anuradha, Guðmundsdóttir, Valdís B, Thordardóttir, Elísabet L, Einarsdóttir, Margrét S, Moore, Kristjan H S, Sigurðsson, Ásgeir, Magnúsdóttir, Droplaug N, Jónsson, Hákon, Snorradóttir, Steinunn, Hovig, Eivind, Møller, Pål, Kockum, Ingrid, Olsson, Tomas, Alfredsson, Lars, Hansen, Thomas F, Werge, Thomas, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L, Gilbert, Edmund, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, Walser, 3rd, Joe W, Kristjánsdóttir, Steinunn, Gopalakrishnan, Shyam, Árnadóttir, Lilja, Magnússon, Ólafur Þ, Gilbert, M Thomas P, Stefánsson, Kári, Helgason, Agnar
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States The American Association for the Advancement of Science 01-06-2018
Subjects:	Biological Evolution Colonization Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA, Ancient Female Founder Effect Gene frequency Gene Pool Genetic Drift Genetics Genome, Human Genomes Genotype Genotypes Glaciation Historic sites Human populations Humans Iceland Male Medicin och hälsovetenskap Migration Minority & ethnic groups Native Americans Nucleotide sequence Phenotype Phenotypes Population Population - genetics Populations United States > US Iceland California
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Summary:	Opportunities to directly study the founding of a human population and its subsequent evolutionary history are rare. Using genome sequence data from 27 ancient Icelanders, we demonstrate that they are a combination of Norse, Gaelic, and admixed individuals. We further show that these ancient Icelanders are markedly more similar to their source populations in Scandinavia and the British-Irish Isles than to contemporary Icelanders, who have been shaped by 1100 years of extensive genetic drift. Finally, we report evidence of unequal contributions from the ancient founders to the contemporary Icelandic gene pool. These results provide detailed insights into the making of a human population that has proven extraordinarily useful for the discovery of genotype-phenotype associations.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0036-8075 1095-9203 1095-9203
DOI:	10.1126/science.aar2625