A kinase-dead Csf1r mutation associated with adult-onset leukoencephalopathy has a dominant inhibitory impact on CSF1R signalling

Amino acid substitutions in the kinase domain of the human CSF1R gene are associated with autosomal dominant adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP). To model the human disease, we created a disease-associated mutation (pGlu631Lys; E631K) in the mouse Csf1r lo...

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Published in:	Development (Cambridge) Vol. 149; no. 8
Main Authors:	Stables, Jennifer, Green, Emma K, Sehgal, Anuj, Patkar, Omkar L, Keshvari, Sahar, Taylor, Isis, Ashcroft, Maisie E, Grabert, Kathleen, Wollscheid-Lengeling, Evi, Szymkowiak, Stefan, McColl, Barry W, Adamson, Antony, Humphreys, Neil E, Mueller, Werner, Starobova, Hana, Vetter, Irina, Shabestari, Sepideh Kiani, Blurton-Jones, Matthew M, Summers, Kim M, Irvine, Katharine M, Pridans, Clare, Hume, David A
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England The Company of Biologists Ltd 15-04-2022
Subjects:	Animals Humans Leukoencephalopathies - genetics Leukoencephalopathies - pathology Medicin och hälsovetenskap Mice Mutation - genetics Neurodegenerative Diseases - pathology Neuroglia None Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor - genetics CSF1R Leukoencephalopathy Kinase-dead Macrophage
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Summary:	Amino acid substitutions in the kinase domain of the human CSF1R gene are associated with autosomal dominant adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP). To model the human disease, we created a disease-associated mutation (pGlu631Lys; E631K) in the mouse Csf1r locus. Homozygous mutation (Csf1rE631K/E631K) phenocopied the Csf1r knockout, with prenatal mortality or severe postnatal growth retardation and hydrocephalus. Heterozygous mutation delayed the postnatal expansion of tissue macrophage populations in most organs. Bone marrow cells from Csf1rE631K/+mice were resistant to CSF1 stimulation in vitro, and Csf1rE631K/+ mice were unresponsive to administration of a CSF1-Fc fusion protein, which expanded tissue macrophage populations in controls. In the brain, microglial cell numbers and dendritic arborisation were reduced in Csf1rE631K/+ mice, as in patients with ALSP. The microglial phenotype is the opposite of microgliosis observed in Csf1r+/- mice. However, we found no evidence of brain pathology or impacts on motor function in aged Csf1rE631K/+ mice. We conclude that heterozygous disease-associated CSF1R mutations compromise CSF1R signalling. We speculate that leukoencephalopathy associated with dominant human CSF1R mutations requires an environmental trigger and/or epistatic interaction with common neurodegenerative disease-associated alleles.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 These authors contributed equally to this work Handling Editor: Florent Ginhoux
ISSN:	0950-1991 1477-9129 1477-9129
DOI:	10.1242/dev.200237