Vaccine development for zoonotic viral diseases caused by positive‑sense single‑stranded RNA viruses belonging to the Coronaviridae and Togaviridae families (Review)

Vaccine development for zoonotic viral diseases caused by positive‑sense single‑stranded RNA viruses belonging to the Coronaviridae and Togaviridae families (Review)

Outbreaks of zoonotic viral diseases pose a severe threat to public health and economies worldwide, with this currently being more prominent than it previously was human history. These emergency zoonotic diseases that originated and transmitted from vertebrates to humans have been estimated to accou...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Experimental and therapeutic medicine Vol. 25; no. 1
Main Authors: Babaeimarzangou, Seyed Sajjad, Zaker, Himasadat, Soleimannezhadbari, Ehsan, Gamchi, Naeimeh Shamsi, Kazeminia, Masoud, Tarighi, Shima, Seyedian, Homayon, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Spandidos, Demetrios A, Margina, Denisa
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Athens Spandidos Publications 01-01-2023
Spandidos Publications UK Ltd
D.A. Spandidos
Subjects:
Chikungunya virus
Coronaviruses
Epidemics
Middle East respiratory syndrome
Prevention
Respiratory diseases
Review
RNA virus infections
Testing
Viral vaccines
Virus research
Viruses
Zoonoses
Romania
Middle East
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Summary:Outbreaks of zoonotic viral diseases pose a severe threat to public health and economies worldwide, with this currently being more prominent than it previously was human history. These emergency zoonotic diseases that originated and transmitted from vertebrates to humans have been estimated to account for approximately one billion cases of illness and have caused millions of deaths worldwide annually. The recent emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (coronavirus disease 2019) is an excellent example of the unpredictable public health threat causing a pandemic. The present review summarizes the literature data regarding the main vaccine developments in human clinical phase I, II and III trials against the zoonotic positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the Coronavirus and Alphavirus genera, including severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle east respiratory syndrome, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, Semliki Forest virus, Ross River virus, Chikungunya virus and O'nyong-nyong virus. That there are neither vaccines nor effective antiviral drugs available against most of these viruses is undeniable. Therefore, new explosive outbreaks of these zoonotic viruses may surely be expected. The present comprehensive review provides an update on the status of vaccine development in different clinical trials against these viruses, as well as an overview of the present results of these trials.
Bibliography:Professor Aristidis Tsatsakis, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Medicine, University of Crete, Nisirou 11, 71307 Heraklion, Greece tsatsaka@uoc.gr
ISSN:1792-0981
1792-1015
DOI:10.3892/etm.2022.11741