Neurological, Psychiatric, and Biochemical Aspects of Thiamine Deficiency in Children and Adults

Thiamine (vitamin B1) is an essential nutrient that serves as a cofactor for a number of enzymes, mostly with mitochondrial localization. Some thiamine-dependent enzymes are involved in energy metabolism and biosynthesis of nucleic acids whereas others are part of the antioxidant machinery. The brai...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Frontiers in psychiatry Vol. 10; p. 207
Main Authors:	Dhir, Shibani, Tarasenko, Maya, Napoli, Eleonora, Giulivi, Cecilia
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 04-04-2019
Subjects:	autism spectrum disorders brain depressive disorders encephalomyopathies Krebs cycle pentose phosphate pathway Psychiatry encephalomyopathies autism spectrum disorders depressive disorders thiamine transporter brain Krebs cycle pentose phosphate pathway
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Description
Summary:	Thiamine (vitamin B1) is an essential nutrient that serves as a cofactor for a number of enzymes, mostly with mitochondrial localization. Some thiamine-dependent enzymes are involved in energy metabolism and biosynthesis of nucleic acids whereas others are part of the antioxidant machinery. The brain is highly vulnerable to thiamine deficiency due to its heavy reliance on mitochondrial ATP production. This is more evident during rapid growth (i.e., perinatal periods and children) in which thiamine deficiency is commonly associated with either malnutrition or genetic defects. Thiamine deficiency contributes to a number of conditions spanning from mild neurological and psychiatric symptoms (confusion, reduced memory, and sleep disturbances) to severe encephalopathy, ataxia, congestive heart failure, muscle atrophy, and even death. This review discusses the current knowledge on thiamine deficiency and associated morbidity of neurological and psychiatric disorders, with special emphasis on the pediatric population, as well as the putative beneficial effect of thiamine supplementation in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurological conditions.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 Edited by: Shannon Rose, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, United States Reviewed by: Brahim Tabarki, University of Sousse, Tunisia; Majid Alfadhel, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia These authors have contributed equally to this work. This article was submitted to Molecular Psychiatry, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychiatry
ISSN:	1664-0640 1664-0640
DOI:	10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00207