Radiothermal Emission of Nanoparticles with a Complex Shape as a Tool for the Quality Control of Pharmaceuticals Containing Biologically Active Nanoparticles

It has recently been shown that the titer of the SARS-CoV-2 virus decreases in a cell culture when the cell suspension is irradiated with electromagnetic waves at a frequency of 95 GHz. We assumed that a frequency range in the gigahertz and sub-terahertz ranges was one of the key aspects in the &quo...

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Published in:	Pharmaceutics Vol. 15; no. 3; p. 966
Main Authors:	Syroeshkin, Anton V, Petrov, Gleb V, Taranov, Viktor V, Pleteneva, Tatiana V, Koldina, Alena M, Gaydashev, Ivan A, Kolyabina, Ekaterina S, Galkina, Daria A, Sorokina, Ekaterina V, Uspenskaya, Elena V, Kazimova, Ilaha V, Morozova, Mariya A, Lebedeva, Varvara V, Cherepushkin, Stanislav A, Tarabrina, Irina V, Syroeshkin, Sergey A, Tertyshnikov, Alexander V, Grebennikova, Tatiana V
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 01-03-2023 MDPI
Subjects:	Aerosols Analysis Antigens Biopharmaceutics Chemical properties Chromatography Cloning Drug dosages drug quality control Electric waves Electromagnetic radiation Electromagnetic waves Enzymes Immunization Infections Ligands Manufacturers Monoclonal antibodies Multiple myeloma Nanoparticles Proteins Quality management Radiation Rotavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Spleen Structure supramolecular structures Thermal properties thermal radio emission Viral infections Viruses Russia St Louis Missouri United States > US Sweden thermal radio emission drug quality control nanoparticles supramolecular structures
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Summary:	It has recently been shown that the titer of the SARS-CoV-2 virus decreases in a cell culture when the cell suspension is irradiated with electromagnetic waves at a frequency of 95 GHz. We assumed that a frequency range in the gigahertz and sub-terahertz ranges was one of the key aspects in the "tuning" of flickering dipoles in the dispersion interaction process of the surfaces of supramolecular structures. To verify this assumption, the intrinsic thermal radio emission in the gigahertz range of the following nanoparticles was studied: virus-like particles (VLP) of SARS-CoV-2 and rotavirus A, monoclonal antibodies to various RBD epitopes of SARS-CoV-2, interferon-α, antibodies to interferon-γ, humic-fulvic acids, and silver proteinate. At 37 °C or when activated by light with λ = 412 nm, these particles all demonstrated an increased (by two orders of magnitude compared to the background) level of electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range. The thermal radio emission flux density specifically depended on the type of nanoparticles, their concentration, and the method of their activation. The thermal radio emission flux density was capable of reaching 20 μW/(m sr). The thermal radio emission significantly exceeded the background only for nanoparticles with a complex surface shape (nonconvex polyhedra), while the thermal radio emission from spherical nanoparticles (latex spheres, serum albumin, and micelles) did not differ from the background. The spectral range of the emission apparently exceeded the frequencies of the Ka band (above 30 GHz). It was assumed that the complex shape of the nanoparticles contributed to the formation of temporary dipoles which, at a distance of up to 100 nm and due to the formation of an ultrahigh strength field, led to the formation of plasma-like surface regions that acted as emitters in the millimeter range. Such a mechanism makes it possible to explain many phenomena of the biological activity of nanoparticles, including the antibacterial properties of surfaces.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1999-4923 1999-4923
DOI:	10.3390/pharmaceutics15030966