Identification and occurrence of tetrad-forming Alphaproteobacteria in anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge processes

Environmental Science and Engineering Program and Department of Civil Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576 Correspondence Wen-Tso Liu cveliuwt{at}nus.edu.sg In an acetate-fed anaerobicaerobic membrane bioreactor, a deteriorated enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR...

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Published in:	Microbiology (Society for General Microbiology) Vol. 150; no. 11; pp. 3741 - 3748
Main Authors:	Wong, Man-Tak, Tan, Fea Mein, Ng, Wun Jern, Liu, Wen-Tso
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Reading Soc General Microbiol 01-11-2004 Society for General Microbiology
Subjects:	Aerobiosis Alphaproteobacteria - classification Alphaproteobacteria - cytology Alphaproteobacteria - genetics Alphaproteobacteria - isolation & purification Anaerobiosis Bacteriology Biological and medical sciences Bioreactors Carbohydrates - analysis Defluvicoccus vanus DNA, Bacterial - chemistry DNA, Bacterial - isolation & purification DNA, Ribosomal - chemistry DNA, Ribosomal - isolation & purification Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genes, rRNA In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence Microbiology Miscellaneous Molecular Sequence Data Phosphates - analysis Phylogeny Polymers - analysis Proteobacteria Rhodospirillaceae - genetics RNA, Bacterial - genetics RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics Sequence Analysis, DNA Sewage - microbiology Water Microbiology Activated sludge Membrane reactor Phosphorus Bioreactor Aerobe Fluorescence in situ hybridization
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Summary:	Environmental Science and Engineering Program and Department of Civil Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576 Correspondence Wen-Tso Liu cveliuwt{at}nus.edu.sg In an acetate-fed anaerobicaerobic membrane bioreactor, a deteriorated enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) community was developed (as determined based on the chemical profiles of organic substrate, soluble phosphate, and intracellular carbohydrate and polyhydroxyalkanote (PHA) concentrations). Microscopic observations revealed the dominance of tetrad-forming organisms (TFOs), of which the majority stained positively for PHA under anaerobic conditions. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) confirmed that the Alphaproteobacteria (85·0±7·0 % of total cells) were the most dominant group. A 16S rRNA gene clone library specific for the Alphaproteobacteria indicated that most 16S rRNA gene clones (61 % of total clones) were closely affiliated with Defluvicoccus vanus , forming a cluster within subgroup 1 of the Alphaproteobacteria . Combined PHA staining and FISH with specific probes designed for the members of the Defluvicoccus cluster suggested diversity within this TFO cluster, and that these TFOs were newly identified glycogen-accumulating organisms in EBPR systems. However, these Defluvicoccus -related TFOs were only seen in low abundance in 12 different EBPR and non-EBPR systems, suggesting that they were not the key populations responsible for the deterioration of full-scale EBPR processes. Abbreviations: CLSM, confocal laser scanning microscopy; DAPI, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; EBPR, enhanced biological phosphorus removal; FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization; GAO, glycogen-accumulating organism; HRT, hydraulic retention time; MBR, membrane bioreactor; MLSS, mixed liquor suspended solids; OTU, operational taxonomic unit; PAO, polyphosphate-accumulating organism; PHA, polyhydroxyalkanote; P i , orthophosphate; SRT, sludge retention time; TOC, total organic carbon; TFO, tetrad-forming organism; VSS, volatile suspended solid The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences reported in this paper are AY351635 AY351641 and AY351643 .
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1350-0872 1465-2080
DOI:	10.1099/mic.0.27291-0