Palmitoyl lactic acid induces adipogenesis and a brown fat-like phenotype in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes

Brown adipose tissue is specialized to generate heat by dissipating chemical energy and may provide novel strategies for obesity treatment in humans. Recently, advances in understanding the pharmacological and dietary agents that contribute to the browning of white adipose tissue have been made to a...

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Published in:	Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids Vol. 1863; no. 7; pp. 772 - 782
Main Authors:	Unno, Yuka, Yamamoto, Hirona, Takatsuki, Shuto, Sato, Yoshinori, Kuranaga, Takefumi, Yazawa, Kazunaga, Ono, Yasuo, Wakimoto, Toshiyuki
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01-07-2018
Subjects:	3T3-L1 Cells Adipocytes - drug effects Adipocytes - metabolism Adipogenesis Adipogenesis - drug effects Adipose Tissue, Brown - drug effects Adipose Tissue, Brown - metabolism Animals Beige Cell Differentiation - drug effects Krill oil Lactic Acid - analogs & derivatives Lactic Acid - chemistry Lactic Acid - pharmacology Lactic Acid - therapeutic use Lipid Droplets - drug effects Lipid Droplets - metabolism Mice Obesity - drug therapy Obesity - metabolism Palmitates - chemistry Palmitates - pharmacology Palmitates - therapeutic use Palmitoyl lactic acid Phenotype Pioglitazone - pharmacology PPAR gamma - agonists PPAR gamma - metabolism PPARγ agonist PRDM16 Rosiglitazone - pharmacology Krill oil Palmitoyl lactic acid Beige PRDM16 Adipogenesis PPARγ agonist
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Summary:	Brown adipose tissue is specialized to generate heat by dissipating chemical energy and may provide novel strategies for obesity treatment in humans. Recently, advances in understanding the pharmacological and dietary agents that contribute to the browning of white adipose tissue have been made to alleviate obesity by promoting energy expenditure. Krill oil is widely used as a health supplement in humans. In this study, the components from krill oil that promote adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells were screened to reveal palmitoyl lactic acid (PLA) as a promoter of adipogenesis. The PLA-induced adipocytes contained large number of small lipid droplets. Moreover, similar to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ agonists, pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, PLA significantly enhances adipogenesis in the presence of dexamethasone compared with PLA alone. Treatment with PLA causes a brown fat-like phenotype in 3T3-L1 cells by enhanced expression of various brown/beige cell-specific genes, such as PR domain containing 16 (Prdm16) and peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha (Pgc1a), as well as adiponectin gene. The expression profile of the brown/beige cell-specific genes induced by PLA was similar to that of the PPARγ agonist in 3T3-L1 cells. Our findings suggest that PLA induces a brown fat-like phenotype and, thus, likely has therapeutic potential in treating obesity. •Palmitoyl lactic acid was identified as an adipogenic component of krill oil.•Palmitoyl lactic acid induced brown fat-like phenotype in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.•The mode of action of palmitoyl lactic acid was similar to PPARγ agonists.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1388-1981 1879-2618
DOI:	10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.04.003