Identification of Novel Type III Secretion Effectors in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

Many gram-negative bacteria secrete so-called effector proteins via a type III secretion (T3S) system. Through genome screening for genes encoding potential T3S effectors, 60 candidates were selected from rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae MAFF311018 using these criteria: i) homologs of kno...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Molecular plant-microbe interactions Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 96 - 106
Main Authors:	Furutani, Ayako, Takaoka, Minako, Sanada, Harumi, Noguchi, Yukari, Oku, Takashi, Tsuno, Kazunori, Ochiai, Hirokazu, Tsuge, Seiji
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	St. Paul, MN APS Press 2009 The American Phytopathological Society
Subjects:	active transport amino acid sequences Bacterial plant pathogens bacterial proteins Bacterial Proteins - genetics Bacterial Proteins - secretion Biological and medical sciences Bordetella pertussis effector proteins Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology gene expression regulation Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial genes genome Genome, Bacterial - genetics genomics microbial genetics molecular sequence data Mutation Oryza - microbiology Oryza sativa Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection Plant Diseases - microbiology Pseudomonas syringae reporter genes Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Type III secretion system uptake mechanisms Xanthomonas Xanthomonas - genetics Xanthomonas - metabolism Xanthomonas oryzae Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Pseudomonadales Plant Plant pathogen Microbiology Secretion Xanthomonas oryzae Bacteria Pseudomonadaceae Identification
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Summary:	Many gram-negative bacteria secrete so-called effector proteins via a type III secretion (T3S) system. Through genome screening for genes encoding potential T3S effectors, 60 candidates were selected from rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae MAFF311018 using these criteria: i) homologs of known T3S effectors in plant-pathogenic bacteria, ii) genes with expression regulated by hrp regulatory protein HrpX, or iii) proteins with N-terminal amino acid patterns associated with T3S substrates of Pseudomonas syringae. Of effector candidates tested with the Bordetella pertussis calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase reporter for translocation into plant cells, 16 proteins were translocated in a T3S system-dependent manner. Of these 16 proteins, nine were homologs of known effectors in other plant-pathogenic bacteria and seven were not. Most of the effectors were widely conserved in Xanthomonas spp.; however, some were specific to X. oryzae. Interestingly, all these effectors were expressed in an HrpX-dependent manner, suggesting coregulation of effectors and the T3S system. In X. campestris pv. vesicatoria, HpaB and HpaC (HpaP in X. oryzae pv. oryzae) have a central role in recruiting T3S substrates to the secretion apparatus. Secretion of all but one effector was reduced in both HpaB- and HpaP- mutant strains, indicating that HpaB and HpaP are widely involved in efficient secretion of the effectors.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-22-1-0096 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0894-0282 1943-7706
DOI:	10.1094/mpmi-22-1-0096