Physiology and development of the M and S molecular forms of Anopheles gambiae in Burkina Faso (West Africa)

In West Africa, M and S molecular forms of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (Diptera: Culicidae) Giles, frequently occur together, although with different population bionomics. The S form typically breeds in rain‐dependant water collections and is present during the rainy season only whereas the M fo...

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Published in:	Medical and veterinary entomology Vol. 26; no. 4; pp. 447 - 454
Main Authors:	MOULINE, K, MAMAI, W, AGNEW, P, TCHONFIENET, M, BRENGUES, C, DABIRE, R, ROBERT, V, SIMARD, F
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-12-2012 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc Wiley
Subjects:	adults Animal biology Animals Anopheles - anatomy & histology Anopheles - genetics Anopheles - growth & development Anopheles - physiology Anopheles gambiae breeding Burkina Faso Culicidae Diptera Disease transmission emergence Entomology Feeding Behavior Female females Genetic Fitness habitats Larva - genetics Larva - growth & development Larva - physiology larvae Life Sciences lipids Malaria Mosquitoes nutrition nutritional reserves ovarian development parasites Phenotype proteins Reproduction Seasons size-corrected weight sympatry trade-offs wet season Burkina Faso Africa
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Summary:	In West Africa, M and S molecular forms of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (Diptera: Culicidae) Giles, frequently occur together, although with different population bionomics. The S form typically breeds in rain‐dependant water collections and is present during the rainy season only whereas the M form can thrive all year long in areas with permanent breeding opportunities. In the present study, we explored physiological and developmental trade‐offs at play in laboratory colonies and field populations of the M and S forms that originated from an area of sympatry in Burkina Faso, where M and S larvae exhibit such habitat segregation. In the laboratory, larvae of the M form developed slower than the S form (mean values 9.51 and 8.85 days, respectively, Wilcoxon's test, P < 0.001). Although wing length and dry weight at emergence showed large variations, M females were on average 8% heavier than S females of similar wing length. Higher nutritional reserves (proteins and lipids) in teneral adults explained part of this weight difference, reflecting a better ability of the M form to garner resources at the larval stage. Furthermore, a higher rate of ovarian maturation was observed in the M form after a single bloodmeal. The relevance of these findings for parasite transmission is discussed.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01018.x ArticleID:MVE1018 istex:0FB7361BFF30184BE45F40C5B69EE81B28E6AC83 ark:/67375/WNG-2K9C62VW-F ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0269-283X 1365-2915
DOI:	10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01018.x