Oral administration of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. leaves extract protects against atherosclerosis by improving macrophage function in ApoE knockout mice

Eucommia leaf extract (ELE) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. We investigated the effect of ELE on the development of atherosclerosis and changes in peritoneal macrophage function in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE–/–) mice. At 8 weeks of age, ApoE–/– mice were randomly divided into three gr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of food science Vol. 85; no. 11; pp. 4018 - 4024
Main Authors:	Hashikawa‐Hobara, Narumi, Hashikawa, Naoya, Sugiman, Nao, Hosoo, Shingo, Hirata, Tetsuya, Yamaguchi, Yasuyo, Yamasaki, Hiroo, Kawasaki, Hiromu, Nishibe, Sansei
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-11-2020
Subjects:	Administration, Oral Animals apoE knockout mice Apolipoprotein E Apolipoproteins E - deficiency Apolipoproteins E - genetics Apolipoproteins E - immunology Arteriosclerosis Atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis - drug therapy Atherosclerosis - genetics Atherosclerosis - immunology Chinese Herb Cytokines Diet Diet, High-Fat - adverse effects Eucommiaceae - chemistry Herbal medicine High fat diet Humans Inflammation Leaves Lesions Leukocyte migration macrophage Macrophages Macrophages - drug effects Macrophages - immunology Male Medicine, Chinese Traditional Mice Mice, Knockout Mice, Knockout, ApoE mRNA Oral administration Peritoneum Plant extracts Plant Extracts - administration & dosage Protective Agents - administration & dosage Tumor necrosis factor atherosclerosis macrophage apoE knockout mice Chinese Herb
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Summary:	Eucommia leaf extract (ELE) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. We investigated the effect of ELE on the development of atherosclerosis and changes in peritoneal macrophage function in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE–/–) mice. At 8 weeks of age, ApoE–/– mice were randomly divided into three groups that were fed a high‐fat diet blended with 0% (control), 5% or 10% ELE for a period of 7 weeks. The 10% ELE dose caused an approximately 36% reduction in atherosclerotic lesions, as estimated by oil red O staining. Real‐time PCR analysis showed that the 1‐week treatment with ELE reduced mRNA levels of Tnf‐alpha, Il‐1, and Mif in peritoneal macrophages isolated from the ApoE–/– mice. Furthermore, a 1‐week treatment with the 10% ELE diet significantly reduced migration and adhesion functions in peritoneal macrophages. These results suggest that a 10% ELE diet reduces atherosclerotic lesions and modulates macrophage function by reducing cytokine expression. Practical Application Eucommia leaf extract (ELE) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that reduces atherosclerotic lesions and suppresses inflammatory cytokines expression.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0022-1147 1750-3841
DOI:	10.1111/1750-3841.15461