Comparative evaluation of mesenchymal stromal cell growth and osteogenic differentiation on a shape memory polymer scaffold

Comparative evaluation of mesenchymal stromal cell growth and osteogenic differentiation on a shape memory polymer scaffold

Trauma‐induced, critical‐size bone defects pose a clinical challenge to heal. Albeit autografts are the standard‐of‐care, they are limited by their inability to be shaped to various defect geometries and often incur donor site complications. Herein, the combination of a “self‐fitting” shape memory p...

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Published in:Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials Vol. 110; no. 9; pp. 2063 - 2074
Main Authors: Stukel Shah, Jessica M., Lundquist, Bridney, Macaitis, Joseph, Pfau‐Cloud, Michaela R., Beltran, Felipe O., Grunlan, Melissa A., Lien, Wen, Wang, Heuy‐Ching, Burdette, Alexander J.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-09-2022
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects:
Alkaline phosphatase
Autografts
Biomedical materials
bone
Bone marrow
Calcification
Cell adhesion
Cell culture
Cell density
Cell differentiation
Complications
Density
differentiation
Differentiation (biology)
Materials research
Materials science
mesenchymal stromal cell
Mesenchyme
poly(ε‐caprolactone)
Polymers
Scaffolds
Shape memory
shape memory polymer
Stromal cells
Trauma
Umbilical cord
bone
differentiation
poly(ε-caprolactone)
mesenchymal stromal cell
shape memory polymer
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Summary:Trauma‐induced, critical‐size bone defects pose a clinical challenge to heal. Albeit autografts are the standard‐of‐care, they are limited by their inability to be shaped to various defect geometries and often incur donor site complications. Herein, the combination of a “self‐fitting” shape memory polymer (SMP) scaffold and seeded mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) was investigated as an alternative. The porous SMP scaffold, prepared from poly(ε‐caprolactone) diacrylate (PCL‐DA) and coated with polydopamine, provided conformal shaping and cell adhesion. MSCs from five tissues, amniotic (AMSCs), chorionic tissue (CHSCs), umbilical cord (UCSCs), adipose (ADSCs), and bone marrow (BMSCs) were evaluated for viability, density, and osteogenic differentiation on the SMP scaffold. BMSCs exhibited the fastest increase in cell density by day 3, but after day 10, CHSCs, UCSCs, and ADSCs approached similar cell density. BMSCs also showed the greatest calcification among the cell types, followed closely by ADSCs, CHSCs and AMSCs. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity peaked at day 7 for AMSCs, UCSCs, ADSCs and BMSCs, and at day 14 for CHSCs, which had the greatest overall ALP activity. Of all the cell types, only scaffolds cultured with ADSCs in osteogenic media had increased hardness and local modulus as compared to blank scaffolds after 21 days of cell culture and osteogenic differentiation. Overall, ADSCs performed most favorably on the SMP scaffold. The SMP scaffold was able to support key cellular behaviors of MSCs and could potentially be a viable, regenerative alternative to autograft.
Bibliography:Funding information
Air Force 59th Medical Wing, Grant/Award Number: G1618
This work was presented in part as a poster at annual conferences held by Shock Society in 2019 and at the Military Health System Research Symposium in 2019.
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ISSN:1552-4973
1552-4981
DOI:10.1002/jbm.b.35061