Disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease patients is associated with increased liver fat content and liver fibrosis during follow-up

Purpose Liver steatosis is a frequently reported condition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Different factors, both metabolic and IBD-associated, are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis. The aim of our study was to calculate the prevalence of liver steatosis and fibrosis in...

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Published in:	International journal of colorectal disease Vol. 37; no. 2; pp. 349 - 356
Main Authors:	van Lingen, E., Tushuizen, M. E., Steenhuis, M. E. J., van Deynen, T., Martens, J., Morales, D. Diaz-Infante, van der Meulen-de Jong, A. E., Molendijk, I., van der Marel, S., Maljaars, P. W. J.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-02-2022 Springer Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Adult Analysis C-reactive protein Fatty liver Fibrosis Follow-Up Studies Gastroenterology Gastrointestinal diseases Hepatology Humans Inflammatory bowel disease Inflammatory bowel diseases Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - complications Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - pathology Internal Medicine Intestine Liver Liver - diagnostic imaging Liver - pathology Liver Cirrhosis - complications Liver Cirrhosis - epidemiology Liver diseases Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Multivariate analysis Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - complications Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - epidemiology Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - pathology Original Article Proctology Steatosis Surgery Inflammatory bowel diseases Liver fibrosis Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Liver steatosis
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Summary:	Purpose Liver steatosis is a frequently reported condition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Different factors, both metabolic and IBD-associated, are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis. The aim of our study was to calculate the prevalence of liver steatosis and fibrosis in IBD patients and to evaluate which factors influence changes in steatosis and fibrosis during follow-up. Methods From June 2017 to February 2018, demographic and biochemical data was collected at baseline and after 6–12 months. Measured by transient elastography (FibroScan), liver steatosis was defined as Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP) ≥248 and fibrosis as liver stiffness value (Emed) ≥7.3 kPa. IBD disease activity was defined as C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥10 mg/l and/or fecal calprotectin (FCP) ≥150 μg/g. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was performed; a p -value of ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results Eighty-two out of 112 patients were seen for follow-up; 56% were male. The mean age was 43 ± 16.0 years, and mean BMI was 25.1 ± 4.7 kg/m 2 . The prevalence of liver steatosis was 40% and of fibrosis was 20%. At baseline, 26 patients (32%) had an active episode of IBD. Using a multivariate analysis, disease activity at baseline was associated with an increase in liver steatosis ( B = 37, 95% CI 4.31–69.35, p = 0.027) and liver fibrosis ( B = 1.2, 95% CI 0.27–2.14, p = 0.016) during follow-up. Conclusions This study confirms the relatively high prevalence of liver steatosis and fibrosis in IBD patients. We demonstrate that active IBD at baseline is associated with both an increase in liver steatosis and fibrosis during follow-up.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0179-1958 1432-1262
DOI:	10.1007/s00384-021-04065-8