Search Results - "Stalnaker, Thomas"

Neuroscience: A bottom-up mechanism for cognitive control? by Stalnaker, Thomas A

“…Cognitive control is often conceived of as occurring top-down, with prefrontal cortical areas exerting control over other parts of the brain. A new study…”
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What the orbitofrontal cortex does not do by Stalnaker, Thomas A, Cooch, Nisha K, Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

“…In the last 25 years, explosive interest has implicated the orbitofrontal cortex in nearly every function known to cognitive neuroscience. Yet scientific…”
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Neuroscience: Action history and the orbitofrontal cortex by Stalnaker, Thomas A.

“…Decisions are often made in the absence of instructive cues, based instead on memories of previous actions and outcomes. A new study sheds light on how…”
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Orbitofrontal State Representations Are Related to Choice Adaptations and Reward Predictions by Stalnaker, Thomas A, Raheja, Nishika, Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

“…Animals can categorize the environment into "states," defined by unique sets of available action-outcome contingencies in different contexts. Doing so helps…”
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A new perspective on the role of the orbitofrontal cortex in adaptive behaviour by Schoenbaum, Geoffrey, Roesch, Matthew R, Stalnaker, Thomas A, Takahashi, Yuji K

“…The orbitofrontal cortex has a role in flexible behaviour. schoenbaum and colleagues discuss recent data suggesting that it signals expected outcomes and…”
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The impact of orbitofrontal dysfunction on cocaine addiction by Lucantonio, Federica, Stalnaker, Thomas A, Shaham, Yavin, Niv, Yael, Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

“…Here the authors review evidence suggesting that cocaine-induced changes in orbitofrontal cortex disrupt the representation of states and transition functions…”
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Cholinergic Interneurons Use Orbitofrontal Input to Track Beliefs about Current State by Stalnaker, Thomas A, Berg, Ben, Aujla, Navkiran, Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

“…When conditions change, organisms need to learn about the changed conditions without interfering with what they already know. To do so, they can assign the new…”
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Rat Orbitofrontal Ensemble Activity Contains Multiplexed but Dissociable Representations of Value and Task Structure in an Odor Sequence Task by Zhou, Jingfeng, Gardner, Matthew P.H., Stalnaker, Thomas A., Ramus, Seth J., Wikenheiser, Andrew M., Niv, Yael, Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

“…The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) has long been implicated in signaling information about expected outcomes to facilitate adaptive or flexible behavior. Current…”
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How Did the Chicken Cross the Road? With Her Striatal Cholinergic Interneurons, Of Course by Schoenbaum, Geoffrey, Stalnaker, Thomas A., Niv, Yael

“…Recognizing when the world changes is fundamental for normal learning. In this issue of Neuron, Bradfield et al. (2013) show that cholinergic interneurons in…”
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Orbitofrontal neurons signal reward predictions, not reward prediction errors by Stalnaker, Thomas A., Liu, Tzu-Lan, Takahashi, Yuji K., Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

“…•OFC neurons do not signal errors in the prediction of reward number or identity.•OFC neurons do signal predictions based on reward number or identity.•This…”
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Dopaminergic prediction errors in the ventral tegmental area reflect a multithreaded predictive model by Takahashi, Yuji K., Stalnaker, Thomas A., Mueller, Lauren E., Harootonian, Sevan K., Langdon, Angela J., Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

“…Dopamine neuron activity is tied to the prediction error in temporal difference reinforcement learning models. These models make significant simplifying…”
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Orbitofrontal neurons infer the value and identity of predicted outcomes by Stalnaker, Thomas A., Cooch, Nisha K., McDannald, Michael A., Liu, Tzu-Lan, Wied, Heather, Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

“…The best way to respond flexibly to changes in the environment is to anticipate them. Such anticipation often benefits us if we can infer that a change has…”
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Risk-Responsive Orbitofrontal Neurons Track Acquired Salience by Ogawa, Masaaki, van der Meer, Matthijs A.A., Esber, Guillem R., Cerri, Domenic H., Stalnaker, Thomas A., Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

“…Decision making is impacted by uncertainty and risk (i.e., variance). Activity in the orbitofrontal cortex, an area implicated in decision making, covaries…”
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Optogenetic Inhibition of Rat Anterior Cingulate Cortex Impairs the Ability to Initiate and Stay on Task by Vázquez, Daniela, Maulhardt, Sean R, Stalnaker, Thomas A, Solway, Alec, Charpentier, Caroline J, Roesch, Matthew R

“…Our prior research has identified neural correlates of cognitive control in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), leading us to hypothesize that the ACC is…”
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Orbitofrontal cortex, decision-making and drug addiction by Schoenbaum, Geoffrey, Roesch, Matthew R., Stalnaker, Thomas A.

“…The orbitofrontal cortex, as a part of prefrontal cortex, is implicated in executive function. However, within this broad region, the orbitofrontal cortex is…”
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Neural substrates of cognitive inflexibility after chronic cocaine exposure by Stalnaker, Thomas A., Takahashi, Yuji, Roesch, Matthew R., Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

“…Cognitive changes in addicts and animals exposed to addictive drugs have been extensively investigated over the past decades. One advantage of studying…”
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Basolateral Amygdala Lesions Abolish Orbitofrontal-Dependent Reversal Impairments by Stalnaker, Thomas A., Franz, Theresa M., Singh, Teghpal, Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

“…Damage to orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) has long been associated with deficits in reversal learning. OFC damage also causes inflexible associative encoding in…”
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Dopamine neuron ensembles signal the content of sensory prediction errors by Stalnaker, Thomas A, Howard, James D, Takahashi, Yuji K, Gershman, Samuel J, Kahnt, Thorsten, Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

“…Dopamine neurons respond to errors in predicting value-neutral sensory information. These data, combined with causal evidence that dopamine transients support…”
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Prior Cocaine Use Alters the Normal Evolution of Information Coding in Striatal Ensembles during Value-Guided Decision-Making by Mueller, Lauren E, Sharpe, Melissa J, Stalnaker, Thomas A, Wikenheiser, Andrew M, Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

“…Substance use disorders (SUDs) are characterized by maladaptive behavior. The ability to properly adjust behavior according to changes in environmental…”
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The Orbitofrontal Cortex and Ventral Tegmental Area Are Necessary for Learning from Unexpected Outcomes by Takahashi, Yuji K., Roesch, Matthew R., Stalnaker, Thomas A., Haney, Richard Z., Calu, Donna J., Taylor, Adam R., Burke, Kathryn A., Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

“…Humans and other animals change their behavior in response to unexpected outcomes. The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is implicated in such adaptive responding,…”
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