Isolation of a novel species of flavivirus and a new strain of Culex flavivirus (Flaviviridae) from a natural mosquito population in Uganda

Isolation of a novel species of flavivirus and a new strain of Culex flavivirus (Flaviviridae) from a natural mosquito population in Uganda

The genus Flavivirus, which contains approximately 70 single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses, represents a unique model for studying the evolution of vector-borne disease, as it includes viruses that are mosquito-borne, tick-borne or have no known vector. Both theoretical work and field studies...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of general virology Vol. 90; no. 11; pp. 2669 - 2678
Main Authors: Cook, Shelley, Moureau, Gregory, Harbach, Ralph E, Mukwaya, Louis, Goodger, Kim, Ssenfuka, Fred, Gould, Ernest, Holmes, Edward C, Lamballerie, Xavier de
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Reading Soc General Microbiol 01-11-2009
Society for General Microbiology
Subjects:
Animal
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Cluster Analysis
Culex - virology
Culex flavivirus
Culex quinquefasciatus
Flavivirus
Flavivirus - classification
Flavivirus - genetics
Flavivirus - isolation & purification
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
genome
Genotype
isolation
Malvaceae - virology
Mansonia africana
Microbiology
Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
Miscellaneous
Molecular Sequence Data
Nakiwogo virus
nucleotide sequences
Phylogeny
RNA
RNA, Viral - genetics
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Sequence Homology
strains
Uganda
Virion - ultrastructure
Virology
Uganda
Africa
Microbiology
Insecta
Culex
Flavivirus
Strain
Virus
Arthropoda
Culicidae
Isolation
Flaviviridae
Invertebrata
Species
Diptera
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Description
Summary:The genus Flavivirus, which contains approximately 70 single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses, represents a unique model for studying the evolution of vector-borne disease, as it includes viruses that are mosquito-borne, tick-borne or have no known vector. Both theoretical work and field studies suggest the existence of a large number of undiscovered flaviviruses. Recently, the first isolation of cell fusing agent virus (CFAV) was reported from a natural mosquito population in Puerto Rico, and sequences related to CFAV have been discovered in mosquitoes from Thailand. CFAV had previously been isolated from a mosquito cell line in 1975 and represented the only known ‘insect-only’ flavivirus, appearing to replicate in insect cells alone. A second member of the ‘insect-only’ group, Kamiti River virus (KRV), was isolated from Kenyan mosquitoes in 2003. A third tentative member of the ‘insect-only’ group, Culex flavivirus (CxFV), was first isolated in 2007 from Japan and further strains have subsequently been reported from the Americas. We report the discovery, isolation and characterization of two novel ‘insect-only’ flaviviruses from Entebbe, Uganda: a novel lineage tentatively designated Nakiwogo virus (NAKV) and a new strain of CxFV. The individual mosquitoes from which these strains were isolated, identified retrospectively by using a reference molecular phylogeny generated using voucher specimens from the region, were Mansonia africana nigerrima and Culex quinquefasciatus, respectively. This represents the first isolation, to our knowledge, of a novel insect-only flavivirus from a Mansonia species and the first isolation of a strain of CxFV from Africa.
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ISSN:0022-1317
1465-2099
DOI:10.1099/vir.0.014183-0